Publication: Tr 83 Bölgesi'nde Sürdürülebilir Kenevir (Cannabis Sativa L.) Yetiştiriciliğinin Benimsenmesi: Mevcut Durum ve Gelecekteki Potansiyel
Abstract
Endüstriyel kenevir, çoklu kullanımları sayesinde sosyal, ekonomik ve çevresel faydalar sağlayan mucizevi bir yeşil bitkidir. Hükümetler bu bitkinin çeşitli sektörlerdeki muazzam potansiyelini fark ettikçe, dünya çapında endüstriyel kenevir üretimi ve ekim alanı artmaktadır. Türkiye de aynı şekilde ülkede bu mahsulü yasallaştırarak küresel büyüme trendlerine ayak uydurmaya çalışıyor. Bu nedenle, bu araştırma, Türkiye'nin en büyük endüstriyel kenevir yetiştiren bölgelerinden birinde (TR 83) endüstriyel kenevirin benimsenmesini etkileyen faktörleri incelemek üzere tasarlanmıştır. Ek olarak, araştırma, endüstriyel kenevir benimseyenlerin ve benimsemeyen çiftliklerin çiftlik verimliliklerini ve sürdürülebilirliğini ölçtü ve karşılaştırdı. Bu amaçla, tabakalı örnekleme teknikleri kullanılarak endüstriyel kenevir benimseyen ve benimsemeyenlerin yüz yüze anketi yoluyla veriler toplanmıştır. Lojistik regresyon analizi, çiftçi eğitimi, tarımsal yayım hizmetleri, kredi kullanımı, endüstriyel kenevir eğitimi ve çiftçi girişimciliğinin endüstriyel kenevirin benimsenmesini olumlu etkilediğini göstermiştir. Eğilim puanı eşleştirme yöntemi, endüstriyel kenevir benimseyenlerin, benimsemeyen çiftliklere göre daha yüksek teknik, ekolojik ve saf teknik verimliliğe sahip olduğunu ortaya koydu. Tobit regresyon bulguları, kadınların tarıma katılımı, arazi mülkiyeti, arazi parçalanması, toplam arazi ve yenilikçiliğin çiftliğin teknik verimliliğini önemli ölçüde etkilediğini göstermiştir. Benimseyen çiftlikler, benimsemeyenlerin çiftliklerden daha fazla ekolojik ve yönetişim sürdürülebilirliğine sahipti. Toplam arazi ve kullanım durumu, doğrudan çiftlik düzeyinde sürdürülebilirlikle ilişkiliyken, gübre maliyetinin çiftlik düzeyinde sürdürülebilirlikle ters orantılı olduğu bulundu. Çiftçilerin sürdürülebilir tarım algıları, yaşları, eğitimleri, internet kullanımları ve tarımsal amaçlı TV izlemelerinden önemli ölçüde etkilenmiştir. Kovaryansa dayalı yapısal eşitlik modelinden elde edilen bulgular, tutumun, algılanan davranışsal kontrolün, öznel normların ve girişimci yönelimin, benimsemeyenlerin endüstriyel keneviri benimseme niyetlerini olumlu etkilediğini göstermiştir. Hükümet, tüm tarımsal sosyo-ekonomik ağları dahil ederek endüstriyel kenevirin benimsenmesinin yanı sıra çiftlik teknik verimliliğini artırmak için tarımda tarım girişimciliği ve tarım girişimciliği kültürünü teşvik etmek için çalışmalıdır.
Industrial hemp is a miracle green plant that provides social, economic, and environmental benefits owing to its multiple uses. Industrial hemp production and acreage worldwide are increasing as governments recognize the enormous potential of this plant in a variety of sectors. Turkey is likewise attempting to keep up with global growing trends by legalizing this crop in the country. Therefore, this research was designed to examine the factors affecting industrial hemp adoption in one of Turkey's largest industrial hemp-growing regions (TR 83). Additionally, this research was planned to measure and compare the farm level efficiencies and sustainability of industrial hemp adopters and non-adopters. For this purpose, data were collected through a face-to-face survey of industrial hemp adopters and non-adopters using stratified sampling technique. The logistic regression analysis demonstrated that farmer education, agricultural extension services, credit utilization, industrial hemp training, and farmer entrepreneurship positively influence the adoption of industrial hemp. The propensity score matching method revealed that industrial hemp adopters had higher farm technical, ecological, and pure technical efficiency than non-adopters. The Tobit regression findings indicated that female engagement in agriculture, land ownership, land fragmentation, total land, and innovativeness significantly affect the farms' technical efficiency. Adopter farms had greater ecological and governance sustainability than non-adopter farms. Total land and tenure status were found to be positively associated with farm level sustainability, whereas fertilizer cost was found to be negatively influencing farm level sustainability. Farmers' perception of sustainable agriculture was significantly influenced by their age, education, internet use, and watching TV for agricultural purposes. The findings from the covariance-based structural equation model indicated that attitude, perceived behavioral control, subjective norms, and entrepreneurial orientation positively affect the intentions of non-adopters to adopt industrial hemp on their farms. The government should work to foster agripreneurship and agripreneurship culture in farming to increase the adoption of industrial hemp as well as farm technical efficiency by involving all agricultural socio-economic networks.
Industrial hemp is a miracle green plant that provides social, economic, and environmental benefits owing to its multiple uses. Industrial hemp production and acreage worldwide are increasing as governments recognize the enormous potential of this plant in a variety of sectors. Turkey is likewise attempting to keep up with global growing trends by legalizing this crop in the country. Therefore, this research was designed to examine the factors affecting industrial hemp adoption in one of Turkey's largest industrial hemp-growing regions (TR 83). Additionally, this research was planned to measure and compare the farm level efficiencies and sustainability of industrial hemp adopters and non-adopters. For this purpose, data were collected through a face-to-face survey of industrial hemp adopters and non-adopters using stratified sampling technique. The logistic regression analysis demonstrated that farmer education, agricultural extension services, credit utilization, industrial hemp training, and farmer entrepreneurship positively influence the adoption of industrial hemp. The propensity score matching method revealed that industrial hemp adopters had higher farm technical, ecological, and pure technical efficiency than non-adopters. The Tobit regression findings indicated that female engagement in agriculture, land ownership, land fragmentation, total land, and innovativeness significantly affect the farms' technical efficiency. Adopter farms had greater ecological and governance sustainability than non-adopter farms. Total land and tenure status were found to be positively associated with farm level sustainability, whereas fertilizer cost was found to be negatively influencing farm level sustainability. Farmers' perception of sustainable agriculture was significantly influenced by their age, education, internet use, and watching TV for agricultural purposes. The findings from the covariance-based structural equation model indicated that attitude, perceived behavioral control, subjective norms, and entrepreneurial orientation positively affect the intentions of non-adopters to adopt industrial hemp on their farms. The government should work to foster agripreneurship and agripreneurship culture in farming to increase the adoption of industrial hemp as well as farm technical efficiency by involving all agricultural socio-economic networks.
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