Effect of 0.8% Hyaluronic Acid-Based Gel on Clinical and Biomolecular Parameters in the Surgical Periodontal Treatment of Stage III Periodontitis Patients: A Randomized, Split-Mouth Clinical Trial

Abstract

Objectives This study aimed to assess the effect of the application of 0.8% hyaluronic acid (HA) gel together with open flap debridement (OFD) on clinical parameters and inflammatory and oxidative biomarkers in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of the patients with stage III periodontitis. Materials and methods This split-mouth study included 18 patients diagnosed with Stage III Grade B or C periodontitis. Quadrants were randomly assigned to test (OFD + 0.8% HA gel) and control groups (OFD alone). Clinical parameters and GCF samples were obtained at the treated sites at baseline (T0), at pre-surgery (T1), 1 month (T2) and 6 months (T3) post-surgery. Interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-17 A, total antioxidant status (TAS), and total oxidant status (TOS) levels in GCF were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results The lower GCF IL-6, IL-8, IL-17 A and TOS levels and higher GCF IL-10 and TAS levels were found after treatment (T1,T2,T3) compared to the T0 period in intragroup comparisons (P < 0.05). There were statistically significantly higher GCF IL-10 levels in the T2 and T3 periods and significantly lower GCF IL-17 A levels in the T3 period in the test group compared to the control group (P < 0.05), no significant difference was determined between the groups in GCF IL-6, IL-8, TAS and TOS levels during the time periods. Conclusion The local application of 0.8% HA gel with OFD provides to beneficial effect GCF IL-10 and IL-17 A levels in severe periodontitis patients. Clinical relevance: The application of 0.8% HA gel addictive with OFD provides positive results in GCF IL-10 and IL-17 A levels in patients with Stage III periodontitis compared to OFD alone.