Publication: Kronik Hcv İnfeksiyonlu Hastalarda Otoimmun Serolojik Göstergelerin ve Doku Antijenlerinin Araştırılması
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ÖZET Hepatit C virusu (HCV), %80 oranında kronikleşen, sonrasında sıklıkla siroz ve hepatosellüler karsinoma (HCC)'nın geliştiği bir infeksiyona neden olmaktadır. Tüm dünyada 170 milyon kişiğnin HCV ile infekte olduğu bilinmektedir. Ülkemizde anti- HCV pozitifliği %1 civarında olmasına rağmen kronik hepatit ve karaciğer sirozu vakalarım %25'nde HCV etkendir. HCV sıklıkla mikst kriyoglobulinemi, Sjogren sendromu, otoimmun hepatit, glomerülonefrit gibi immun kompleks hastalıklanna neden olur. Bazı vakalarda HCV infeksiyonu ve otoimmun hepatit (OIH) örtüşmesi tedavi açısmdan sorun yaratmaktadır. Bu nedenle iki klinik antitenin aynmımn iyi yapılması gerekmektedir. Ayırıcı tamda serumda anti-nükleer antikor (ANA), düz kas antikoru (ASMA), karaciğer/böbrek mikrozomal antikor (anti-LKM) gibi otoantikorlar, gamaglobulin düzeyi ve aminotransferaz düzeyleri gibi parametreler önem taşır. HCV infeksiyonunun persistansının patogenezi henüz açıklığa kavuşmamıştrr. Kronikleşmenin patogenezinde Th lenfositlerinin öneminden yola çıkılarak özellikle HLA classll antijenlerinin araştırılmasına gidilmiştir. Çünkü Th lenfositleri ancak uygun HLA classll molekülleri ile sunulan antijenleri tanır ve immun sistemi harekete geçirirler. Bu bilgilerden yola çıkarak kronik HCV infeksiyonlu hastalarda otoimmun serolojik göstergeleri ve HLA class II antijenlerini araştırmayı amaçladık. Çalışma grubumuzu 60 kronik HCV infeksiyonu tanısı almış hasta ve 51 sağlıklı kontrol oluşturdu. Bu hastalarda ANA, ASMA, ds-DNA, anti-LKM, anti-mitokondriyal antikor (AMA), anti-paryetal antikor (APA), anti-nötrofil sitoplazmik antikor (ANCA), anti- tiroglobulin antikor (ATA), tiroid mikrozomal antikor (TMA), romatoid faktör (RF) otoantikorlannı, IgG ve IgM düzeylerini, HLA classll antijenlerini araştırdık. Çalışmamızdan elde ettiğimiz sonuçlara göre; kronik HCV infeksiyonunda kontrol grubuna göre otoimmun serolojik göstergeler yüksek oranda bulunmaktadır. En az bir otoantikor pozitifliği, ANA, ANCA ve RF pozitifliğini yüksek olarak saptadık ıx(sırasıyla; %56.7, pO.OOl; %41.7, p<0.05; %15, p<0.05, %48.3, p<0.001). ANA pozitifliği düşük türelerde idi (ortalama 1:80). Diğer otoantikorlarda anlamlı bir farklılık saptamadık. Kronik HCV infeksiyonlu kişilerde ortalama %15 oranmda hipergamaglobulinemi de mevcuttu. Kronik HCV infeksiyonlu grubumuzda aminotransferaz seviyeleri ile otoantikor pozitifliği ve otoantikorlann yaşa göre dağılımı açısından bir fark saptayamadık. Bu grup içinde otoantikor pozitif ve negatif kişiler cinsiyet açısmda bir fark göstermiyordu. DRB1*11 antijenini kontrol grubumuzda kronik HCV grubumuza göre anlamlı olarak yüksek bulduk (p=0.008). Bu antijenin kronik HCV infeksiyonuna karşı koruyucu rol oynayabileceğini düşündük. Kronik HCV inferksiyonlu hastalarda DRB1*04 antijenini otoantikor pozitif grupta otoantikor negatif gruba göre daha yüksek olarak saptadık (p<0.05). Bu sonuç bize DRB1*04 antijeninin otoimmunite açısından risk oluşturabileceğini düşündürdü.
SUMMARY HCV is the major cause of non-A, non-B viral hepatitis. It exists chronically in the population at a ratio of 80%, and thus known to be the leading cause of cirrhosis and HCC amongst all the hepatitis viruses. This particular aspect makes HCV as an important health problem. 170 million people all over the world are supposed to be infected with HCV. In our country, the rate of anti-HCV seropositivity is around 1%, but its role in the development of chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis is believed to be approximately 25%. HCV, frequently causes immune complex mediated diseases like tat of mixed cryoglobulinemia, Sjogren's syndrome, glomerulonephritis and autoimmune hepatitis. Overlapping of HCV with OIH poses significant difficulty in the manegement of the disease, and discrimination of both diseases is therefore a priory. In this sense, autoantibodies like ANA, ASMA, anti-LKMl, the levels of gammaglobulin and aminotransferases have great importance. As Th lymphocytes appears to be the most significant cell type in the pathogenesis, and thus HLA-class II antigens with which foreing (or auto) antigens associates, the present study was designed to explore both the frequency of serological markers of autoimmunity and HLA-class II antigens in 60 chronic HCV patients and 51 healthy unrelated control group. We monitored ANA, ASMA, ds-DNA, anti-LKM, AMA, APA, ANCA, ATA, TMA autoantibodies including that of RF, IgM, IgG levels in addition to HLA-class II antigens. Overall, the results of our study showed that the autoimmune serologic markers were present at high ratios in HCV infected patients. Gammaglobulinemia was detected in 15 % of the patients. The percent of at least one positive autoantibody, ANA, ANCA and RF were at high rates: 56.7 % ( p<0.001), 41.7 % (p<0.05), 15 % (p<0.05), 48.3% (p<0.001), respectively. ANA seropositivity was at low titers (mean value 1:80). No significant differences were found with respect to the other autoantibodies. There were no significant differences between aminotransferase levels and autoantibody seropositivity and dispersion of autoantibodies with respect to the age and sex of the patients. xiOn the other hand, the frequency of DRB1*11 antigen was significantly higher in the control group as compared to the chronically infected group (p=0.008), suggesting that the presence of this particular antigen may play a protective role against HCV infection. Incidently, the frequency of DRB1*04 antigen was also high in autoantibody positive group as compared to autoantibody negative group (p<0.05), suggesting that DRB1*04 antigen may be a risk factor for autoimmunity. xn
SUMMARY HCV is the major cause of non-A, non-B viral hepatitis. It exists chronically in the population at a ratio of 80%, and thus known to be the leading cause of cirrhosis and HCC amongst all the hepatitis viruses. This particular aspect makes HCV as an important health problem. 170 million people all over the world are supposed to be infected with HCV. In our country, the rate of anti-HCV seropositivity is around 1%, but its role in the development of chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis is believed to be approximately 25%. HCV, frequently causes immune complex mediated diseases like tat of mixed cryoglobulinemia, Sjogren's syndrome, glomerulonephritis and autoimmune hepatitis. Overlapping of HCV with OIH poses significant difficulty in the manegement of the disease, and discrimination of both diseases is therefore a priory. In this sense, autoantibodies like ANA, ASMA, anti-LKMl, the levels of gammaglobulin and aminotransferases have great importance. As Th lymphocytes appears to be the most significant cell type in the pathogenesis, and thus HLA-class II antigens with which foreing (or auto) antigens associates, the present study was designed to explore both the frequency of serological markers of autoimmunity and HLA-class II antigens in 60 chronic HCV patients and 51 healthy unrelated control group. We monitored ANA, ASMA, ds-DNA, anti-LKM, AMA, APA, ANCA, ATA, TMA autoantibodies including that of RF, IgM, IgG levels in addition to HLA-class II antigens. Overall, the results of our study showed that the autoimmune serologic markers were present at high ratios in HCV infected patients. Gammaglobulinemia was detected in 15 % of the patients. The percent of at least one positive autoantibody, ANA, ANCA and RF were at high rates: 56.7 % ( p<0.001), 41.7 % (p<0.05), 15 % (p<0.05), 48.3% (p<0.001), respectively. ANA seropositivity was at low titers (mean value 1:80). No significant differences were found with respect to the other autoantibodies. There were no significant differences between aminotransferase levels and autoantibody seropositivity and dispersion of autoantibodies with respect to the age and sex of the patients. xiOn the other hand, the frequency of DRB1*11 antigen was significantly higher in the control group as compared to the chronically infected group (p=0.008), suggesting that the presence of this particular antigen may play a protective role against HCV infection. Incidently, the frequency of DRB1*04 antigen was also high in autoantibody positive group as compared to autoantibody negative group (p<0.05), suggesting that DRB1*04 antigen may be a risk factor for autoimmunity. xn
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Tez (tıpta uzmanlık) -- Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, 2001
Libra Kayıt No: 35632
Libra Kayıt No: 35632
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