Publication: Fibromiyalji Hastalarında Objektif ve Subjektif Yutma Değerlendirmesi
Abstract
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, fibromiyalji sendromu (FMS) hastalarında yutma bozukluklarının objektif ve subjektif yöntemlerle değerlendirilmesidir. Çalışma, FMS'nin santral sensitizasyon ve otonom sinir sistemi bozukluklarının yutma fizyolojisi üzerindeki etkilerini araştırmayı hedeflemiştir. Hastalar ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya 18-70 yaş arası 30 FMS hastası dahil edilmiştir. Tüm hastalara detaylı anamnez alınarak T-EAT-10 anketi uygulanmış, ardından fleksible fiberoptik endoskopik yutma değerlendirmesi yapılmıştır. Penetrasyon-Aspirasyon Skalası (PAS), Yale Faringeal Rezidü Şiddet Skalası (YPRSS-V ve YPRSS-P) ve fonksiyonel oral yutma, fonksiyonel oral alım skalaları ile değerlendirmeler yapılmıştır. Bulgular, Wilcoxon signed-rank testi ve gözlemciler arası güvenilirlik analizi ile istatistiksel olarak incelenmiştir. Bulgular: Çalışmaya 29 kadın ve 1 erkek hasta katılmış olup, yaş ortalaması 50.96 ± 9.6'dır. EAT-10 sonuçlarına göre, hastaların %43'ünde subjektif yutma güçlüğü bildirilmiştir. PAS skorları, tüm kıvamlarda referans değerleri aşarak anlamlı bulunmuştur (p < 0.05). Sıvı kıvamında PAS skoru 1.5 ± 0.61, katı kıvamda 1.35 ± 0.61 olarak ölçülmüştür. YPRSS değerleri de benzer şekilde anlamlı bulunmuştur; vallekülar rezidü skorları sıvı için 1.30 ± 0.45, yarı katı için 1.32 ± 0.45 ve katı için 1.28 ± 0.52 olarak kaydedilmiştir. Fonksiyonel skalalarda FOSS ve FOIS değerleri referans değerlere kıyasla anlamlı fark göstermiştir (p < 0.001). Tartışma ve Sonuç: Fibromiyalji hastalarında yutma güçlüğü, santral sensitizasyon, otonom sinir sistemi disfonksiyonu ve psikolojik faktörlerin etkileşimi sonucu ortaya çıkmaktadır. Subjektif değerlendirmeler, hastaların yalnızca bir kısmının yutma güçlüğü bildirdiğini gösterse de, objektif değerlendirmeler bu durumun daha yaygın olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Yutma fizyolojisindeki bozukluklar, FMS'nin karmaşık patofizyolojisi ile ilişkili olabilir. Elde edilen bulgular, fibromiyaljili hastalarda yutma fonksiyonunun dikkatle değerlendirilmesi gerektiğini vurgulamaktadır. Bu bağlamda multidisipliner bir yaklaşım, hem fiziksel hem de psikolojik tedavileri içermelidir.
Objective: This study aims to evaluate swallowing disorders in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) using objective and subjective methods. The research seeks to investigate the effects of central sensitization and autonomic nervous system dysfunctions on swallowing physiology in FMS. Patients and Methods: The study included 30 FMS patients aged 18-70. All participants underwent a detailed anamnesis, followed by the administration of the T- EAT-10 questionnaire. Subsequently, flexible fiberoptic endoscopic swallowing evaluations were conducted. Assessments were performed using the Penetration- Aspiration Scale (PAS), the Yale Pharyngeal Residue Severity Rating Scale (YPRSS- V and YPRSS-P), and functional oral swallowing and intake scales (FOSS and FOIS). The findings were statistically analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and inter- rater reliability analysis. Results: The study consisted of 29 female and 1 male participant, with a mean age of 50.96 ± 9.6 years. According to T-EAT-10 results, 43% of the patients reported subjective swallowing difficulties. PAS scores exceeded reference values across all consistencies and were statistically significant (p < 0.05). For liquid consistency, the PAS score was 1.5 ± 0.61, and for solid consistency, it was 1.35 ± 0.61. YPRSS values were also significant; vallecular residue scores were recorded as 1.30 ± 0.45 for liquid and 1.28 ± 0.52 for solid consistencies. Functional scale results (FOSS and FOIS) showed significant differences compared to reference values (p < 0.001). Discussion: Swallowing difficulties in FMS patients arise from the interaction of central sensitization, autonomic nervous system dysfunction, and psychological factors. While subjective evaluations indicated that only a portion of patients reported swallowing difficulties, objective assessments revealed that the condition was more widespread. Abnormalities in swallowing physiology may be associated with the complex pathophysiology of FMS. A multidisciplinary approach that includes both physical and psychological treatments is essential.
Objective: This study aims to evaluate swallowing disorders in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) using objective and subjective methods. The research seeks to investigate the effects of central sensitization and autonomic nervous system dysfunctions on swallowing physiology in FMS. Patients and Methods: The study included 30 FMS patients aged 18-70. All participants underwent a detailed anamnesis, followed by the administration of the T- EAT-10 questionnaire. Subsequently, flexible fiberoptic endoscopic swallowing evaluations were conducted. Assessments were performed using the Penetration- Aspiration Scale (PAS), the Yale Pharyngeal Residue Severity Rating Scale (YPRSS- V and YPRSS-P), and functional oral swallowing and intake scales (FOSS and FOIS). The findings were statistically analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and inter- rater reliability analysis. Results: The study consisted of 29 female and 1 male participant, with a mean age of 50.96 ± 9.6 years. According to T-EAT-10 results, 43% of the patients reported subjective swallowing difficulties. PAS scores exceeded reference values across all consistencies and were statistically significant (p < 0.05). For liquid consistency, the PAS score was 1.5 ± 0.61, and for solid consistency, it was 1.35 ± 0.61. YPRSS values were also significant; vallecular residue scores were recorded as 1.30 ± 0.45 for liquid and 1.28 ± 0.52 for solid consistencies. Functional scale results (FOSS and FOIS) showed significant differences compared to reference values (p < 0.001). Discussion: Swallowing difficulties in FMS patients arise from the interaction of central sensitization, autonomic nervous system dysfunction, and psychological factors. While subjective evaluations indicated that only a portion of patients reported swallowing difficulties, objective assessments revealed that the condition was more widespread. Abnormalities in swallowing physiology may be associated with the complex pathophysiology of FMS. A multidisciplinary approach that includes both physical and psychological treatments is essential.
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