Publication: Atık Döküm Kumu ve YSZ Tozu Kullanılarak Seramik Malzeme Üretimi
Abstract
Atık döküm kumu (ADK) tüm çeşitleriyle birlikte demir-çelik, otomotiv, havacılık, metalürji vb. gibi sektörlerde ve endüstrinin büyük bir alanında birçok parçayı üretmek için kalıp kumunun kullanılması sonucu ortaya çıkan maddedir. Döküm prosesinde belli bir çevrim sonucu kumun yapısı bozulduğundan kalıp kumu atık malzeme olarak kabul edilmektedir. Atık döküm kumu ile alternatif hammadde üretimi mümkündür. Ekonomik olarak ek maliyetler oluşturan ve hacim olarak büyük miktarlarda ortaya çıkan atık döküm kumları, ikincil malzemeler kullanılarak yeni ürünlere örneğin seramik malzemesine dönüştürülebilir. Bu amaçla atık döküm kumu ve YSZ katkısı ile yeni bir malzeme üretilmiş ve üretilen malzemenin karakterizasyonu yapılmış, numuneler incelemeye tabi tutulmuştur. Organik bir bağlayıcı olan PVA, 50 gr atık döküm kumuna %3, %5, %7 ve %10 oranlarında YSZ katkısı olacak şekilde bir araya getirilip eksenel bilyeli değirmende öğütülmüştür. Öğütülen toz karışımı tek eksenli hidrolik preste 1x1x1 cm boyutlarında şekillendirilip 1200 °C'de 5 saat sinterlenmiştir. Üretilen numunelerin SEM, XRD, optik mikroskop görüntüleri incelenmiştir. Basma testi ve yoğunluk ölçümleri yapılan numunelerde %10 YSZ katkılı numunelerde ortalama 116,70 MPa basma dayanımı ile en yüksek değer olarak ölçülmüştür. Arşimed yoğunluk ölçümlerinde ise %3 ve %10 YSZ katkılı atık döküm kumu numunelerinde su emme değerleri sırasıyla en düşük ve yüksek değerler %15,10079 ve %11,54957, görünür katı yoğunluğunda ise yine sırasıyla 2,45298 ve 2,55968 olarak ölçülmüştür. YSZ katkısının atık döküm kumu içerisinde oranın artmasıyla birlikte daha yoğun bir malzeme ortaya çıkmıştır. YSZ oranının artmasıyla birlikte basma dayanımının da arttığı görülmüştür. Görüntüleme sonucu elde edilen görüntülerde de daha düzgün ve yoğun yapının oluşumu görülmüştür.
Waste foundry sand (WFS), together with all its varieties, is the result of using mold sand to produce many parts in industries such as iron-steel, automotive, aerospace, metallurgy and in a large area of the industry. Molding sand is considered as waste material as the structure of the sand deteriorates as a result of a certain cycle in the casting process. Alternative raw material production is possible with waste casting sand. Waste foundry sands, which create additional costs economically and occur in large volumes in volume, can be converted into new products such as ceramic material using secondary materials. For this purpose, a new material has been produced with the waste sand and YSZ additive, the characterization of the produced material has been made and the samples have been examined. PVA, which is an organic binder, was brought together in 50 g of waste casting sand with a YSZ contribution of 3%, 5%, 7% and 10% and milled in an axial ball mill. Grinded powder mixture is shaped in 1x1x1 cm dimensions in uniaxial hydraulic press and sintered at 1200 ° C for 5 hours. SEM, XRD and optical microscope images of the produced samples were examined. It was measured as the highest value with an average compression strength of 116.70 MPa in samples with compression test and density measurements. In Archimedes density measurements, the water absorption values in the waste sand samples with 3% and 10% YSZ additive were measured as 15,10079% and 11,54957% respectively, and 2,45298 and 2,55968 in the apparent solid density. With the increase of YSZ additive in the waste sand, a more dense material emerged. It was observed that the compressive strength increased with the increase of YSZ ratio. In the images obtained as a result of the imaging, the formation of a more smooth and dense structure was observed.
Waste foundry sand (WFS), together with all its varieties, is the result of using mold sand to produce many parts in industries such as iron-steel, automotive, aerospace, metallurgy and in a large area of the industry. Molding sand is considered as waste material as the structure of the sand deteriorates as a result of a certain cycle in the casting process. Alternative raw material production is possible with waste casting sand. Waste foundry sands, which create additional costs economically and occur in large volumes in volume, can be converted into new products such as ceramic material using secondary materials. For this purpose, a new material has been produced with the waste sand and YSZ additive, the characterization of the produced material has been made and the samples have been examined. PVA, which is an organic binder, was brought together in 50 g of waste casting sand with a YSZ contribution of 3%, 5%, 7% and 10% and milled in an axial ball mill. Grinded powder mixture is shaped in 1x1x1 cm dimensions in uniaxial hydraulic press and sintered at 1200 ° C for 5 hours. SEM, XRD and optical microscope images of the produced samples were examined. It was measured as the highest value with an average compression strength of 116.70 MPa in samples with compression test and density measurements. In Archimedes density measurements, the water absorption values in the waste sand samples with 3% and 10% YSZ additive were measured as 15,10079% and 11,54957% respectively, and 2,45298 and 2,55968 in the apparent solid density. With the increase of YSZ additive in the waste sand, a more dense material emerged. It was observed that the compressive strength increased with the increase of YSZ ratio. In the images obtained as a result of the imaging, the formation of a more smooth and dense structure was observed.
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