Publication: Elit Sporcularda Alt Ekstremite Kuvvet Ölçüm Yöntemlerinin Değerlendirilmesi
Abstract
Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı, alt ekstremite kas kuvvetinin değerlendirilmesinde kullanılan izokinetik testler ile geleneksel fonksiyonel performans testlerine (FPT) ek olarak, yan atlama ve medial rotasyon gibi birden fazla yönlü gerçekleştirilen testler arasındaki ilişkilerin incelenmesidir. Materyal ve Metot: Araştırmanın denek grubunu 18-30 yaş aralığında farklı spor branşlarından 20 elit erkek sporcu oluşturmaktadır. Deneklere dominant (DT) ve non-dominant (NDT) taraflarda farklı açısal hızlarda (60° 180° ve 240°/sn.) izokinetik diz kuvvet testleri ve beş farklı FPT (TAA, ÜAA, ÇA, MTÜA, MRA) uygulanmıştır. Araştırmanın istatistiksel analizinde eşli örneklem testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi, Tukey ve Pearson testlerinden faydalanılmıştır. Bulgular: DT ve NDT arası diz kuvvetleri karşılaştırıldığında 60°/sn. Ex ve Flx ile 240°/sn. Ex fazlarında DT taraf lehine anlamlı farklılıklar tespit edilmiştir (p<0,05). FPT'lerde ve H/Q oranlarında ise herhangi bir anlamlılığa rastlanmamıştır (p>0,05). Farklı açısal hızlarda Q/Q ve H/H oranları karşılaştırıldığında hiçbir açısal hızda anlamlılığa rastlanılmamıştır (p>0,05). Aynı şekilde izokinetik testler ve FPT'lerden elde edilen uzuv simetri indeksleri (USİ) karşılaştırıldığında da herhangi bir anlamlılık bulunamamıştır (p>0,05). Hem kuvvet testlerinde hem de USİ'lerde testler arası korelasyonlar değerlendirildiğinde, kuvvet testlerinde TAA'nın hem DT hem de NDT taraflarda izokinetik testler ile, USİ'lerde ise ÇA'nın 180°/sn. H/Q ile aralarında negatif yönlü korelasyonlara rastlanmıştır (p<0,05). Hem izokinetik testlerin hem de FPT'lerin kendi aralarında pozitif yönlü farklı düzeylerde korelasyonlar ortaya çıkardıkları belirlenmiştir (p<0,05). Sonuç: Araştırmamızın sonuçları değerlendirildiğinde, izokinetik testlerde DT ve NDT taraflar arası farklılıkların ortaya çıktığı, ancak FPT'lerde her iki tarafın benzer sonuçlar ortaya koyduğu, ayrıca USİ'ler açısından değerlendirildiğinde her iki test grubunun da benzer ve güvenilir aralıklarda sonuçlar ortaya çıkardıkları belirlenmiştir. İzokinetik testler ile FPT'ler arasında hem kuvvet hem de USİ'ler açısından değerlendirilen korelasyonlara bakıldığında ise testlerin kendi içlerinde anlamlılıklar ortaya çıkardıkları, ancak birbirleri arasında önemli düzeyde anlamlı bulgular ortaya koymadıkları belirlenmiştir.
Aim: The aim of this study is to examine the correlations between multi directional tests such as lateral jumping and medial rotation in addition to isokinetic tests and conventional functional performance tests (FPT) used in the evaluation of lower extremity muscle strength. Material and Method: Sample group of the study consists of 20 elite male athletes from different branches who were between the ages of 18 and 30. Isokinetic knee strength tests at different angular velocities (60° 180° and 240°/sec.) on dominant (DS) and non-dominant (NDS) sides and five different FPT (SL, THD, CHD, MSTH, MRH) were applied on the samples. Paired sample t, One Way ANOVA, Tukey and Pearson tests were used in the statistical analyses of the study. Results: When knee strengths between DS and NDS were compared, significant differences were found at 60°/sec. Ex and Flx and 240°/sec. Ex phases in favor of DS (p<0,05). No significance was found in FPTs and H/Q ratios (p>0,05). When Q/Q and H/H ratios were compared at different angular velocities, no significance was found in all angular velocities (p>0,05). Similarly, when isokinetic tests and limb symmetry indices obtained from FPTs were compared, no significance was found (p>0,05). When correlations in both strength tests and LSIs were compared between tests, negative correlations were found with isokinetic tests on both DS and NDS sides of SL in strength tests and between 180°/sec. H/Q and CHD in LSIs (p<0,05). It was found that both isokinetic tests and FPTs showed positive different levels of correlations (p<0,05). Conclusion: When the results of our study were evaluated, it was found that differences between DS and NDS occurred in isokinetic tests, while both sides showed similar results in FPTs; in addition, when evaluated in terms of LSIs, it was found that both test groups showed similar and reliable results. When the correlations evaluated with isokinetic strength both in terms of strength and LSIs were examined, it was found that the tests had significant differences within themselves, while they did not show significant results with one another.
Aim: The aim of this study is to examine the correlations between multi directional tests such as lateral jumping and medial rotation in addition to isokinetic tests and conventional functional performance tests (FPT) used in the evaluation of lower extremity muscle strength. Material and Method: Sample group of the study consists of 20 elite male athletes from different branches who were between the ages of 18 and 30. Isokinetic knee strength tests at different angular velocities (60° 180° and 240°/sec.) on dominant (DS) and non-dominant (NDS) sides and five different FPT (SL, THD, CHD, MSTH, MRH) were applied on the samples. Paired sample t, One Way ANOVA, Tukey and Pearson tests were used in the statistical analyses of the study. Results: When knee strengths between DS and NDS were compared, significant differences were found at 60°/sec. Ex and Flx and 240°/sec. Ex phases in favor of DS (p<0,05). No significance was found in FPTs and H/Q ratios (p>0,05). When Q/Q and H/H ratios were compared at different angular velocities, no significance was found in all angular velocities (p>0,05). Similarly, when isokinetic tests and limb symmetry indices obtained from FPTs were compared, no significance was found (p>0,05). When correlations in both strength tests and LSIs were compared between tests, negative correlations were found with isokinetic tests on both DS and NDS sides of SL in strength tests and between 180°/sec. H/Q and CHD in LSIs (p<0,05). It was found that both isokinetic tests and FPTs showed positive different levels of correlations (p<0,05). Conclusion: When the results of our study were evaluated, it was found that differences between DS and NDS occurred in isokinetic tests, while both sides showed similar results in FPTs; in addition, when evaluated in terms of LSIs, it was found that both test groups showed similar and reliable results. When the correlations evaluated with isokinetic strength both in terms of strength and LSIs were examined, it was found that the tests had significant differences within themselves, while they did not show significant results with one another.
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