Publication: Bazı Kestane Çeşit ve Genotiplerinin Kestane Gal Arısına Hassasiyetlerinin Belirlenmesi
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Kestane gal arısı (Dryocosmus kuriphilus) Türkiye'de ilk defa 2013 yılında Yalova'da tespit edilmiştir. Gal arısı, bulaştığı alanlarda kestane ağaçlarının çoğunun büyüme ve verimini olumsuz yönde etkilemekte ve kestanenin en önemli zararlısı olmaktadır. Yalova'da Torymus sinensis Kamijo ile biyolojik mücadele çalışmaları başlamasına rağmen, dayanıklı çeşit kullanımı ile mücadele bir merak konusu olmuştur. Kestane çeşit ve genotiplerinin D. kuriphilus'a duyarlılık düzeylerini belirlemek için yapılan çalışmada, saf Anadolu (C.sativa) kestaneleri (Albayrak, Altınay, Erfelek, Osmanoğlu, Salıpazarı Serdar, Ünal), türler arası melezler (Marigoule ve Betizac-L) ve kompleks melezler (A9, A14, A25, A55, A56, A100) dahil 15 çeşit ve genotip test edilmiştir. Bu amaçla Nisan 2016'da Yalova'da 5-7 yaşlı ağaçlarda aşılama çalışmaları yapılmıştır. Aşılamadan sonraki birinci ve ikinci yılda, zararlı ile bulaşıklık oranı, sürgün başına gal ve kapsül sayısı ile zarar şiddeti kaydedilmiştir. Bulaşıklık oranı aşılamadan sonraki ikinci yılda daha yüksek olmuştur. A14 genotipi, D. kuriphilus'a tamamen dayanıklı olarak belirlenmiştir. Gal arısının zarar şiddeti A100'de diğer çeşit ve genotiplere göre daha düşük olmuştur. A56 dışındaki karmaşık melezlerde kapsül sayıları daha yüksek olmuştur. Gelecek yıllarda A14'ün direncini düzenleyen genetik yapı üzerinde araştırmalar planlanmaktadır.
Gall wasp (Dryocosmus kuriphilus) was found for the first time in 2013 in Yalova province of Turkey. It has effected as negatively both growth and yield of the almost most of the chestnut trees in the infected areas. It is getting the most important pest of chestnut for Turkey. Although the biological control was started in Yalova by specific parasitoid Torymus sinensis Kamijo, potential of using resistance cultivars against to gall wasp were also been a curiosity subject. A study has been carried out for defining the susceptibility levels of chestnut cultivar and genotypes to D. kuriphilus. 15 cultivars and genotypes, including pure Anatolian (C.sativa) chestnuts (Albayrak, Altınay, Erfelek, Osmanoğlu, Salıpazarı Serdar, Ünal), interspecific hybrids (Marigoule and Betizac-L) and complex hybrids (A9, A14, A25, A55, A56, A100) were tested in the study. For this aim, grafting studies were done on 5-7 years old seedling trees in April 2016 in Yalova province. Infestation ratios, number of galls and burs per shoot and damage severity were recorded in 2017 and 2018. Infestation ratios were higher in the second year after the grafting. A14 genotype was determined as totally resistance to D. kuriphilus. Damage severity of gall wasp was fewer in A100 than the other cultivar and genotypes. Numbers of burs were higher in the complex hybrids except A56. Genetic bases regulating resistance of A14 will be investigated in the next years.
Gall wasp (Dryocosmus kuriphilus) was found for the first time in 2013 in Yalova province of Turkey. It has effected as negatively both growth and yield of the almost most of the chestnut trees in the infected areas. It is getting the most important pest of chestnut for Turkey. Although the biological control was started in Yalova by specific parasitoid Torymus sinensis Kamijo, potential of using resistance cultivars against to gall wasp were also been a curiosity subject. A study has been carried out for defining the susceptibility levels of chestnut cultivar and genotypes to D. kuriphilus. 15 cultivars and genotypes, including pure Anatolian (C.sativa) chestnuts (Albayrak, Altınay, Erfelek, Osmanoğlu, Salıpazarı Serdar, Ünal), interspecific hybrids (Marigoule and Betizac-L) and complex hybrids (A9, A14, A25, A55, A56, A100) were tested in the study. For this aim, grafting studies were done on 5-7 years old seedling trees in April 2016 in Yalova province. Infestation ratios, number of galls and burs per shoot and damage severity were recorded in 2017 and 2018. Infestation ratios were higher in the second year after the grafting. A14 genotype was determined as totally resistance to D. kuriphilus. Damage severity of gall wasp was fewer in A100 than the other cultivar and genotypes. Numbers of burs were higher in the complex hybrids except A56. Genetic bases regulating resistance of A14 will be investigated in the next years.
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Tez (yüksek lisans) -- Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, 2018
Libra Kayıt No: 123246
Libra Kayıt No: 123246
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