Publication: Arsi Zonunda Ki Çiftçilerin Buğday Piyasasına Katılım Kararı ve Düzeyini Etkileyen Faktörler: Etiyopya, Tiyo İlçesi Örnek Çalışması
Abstract
Bu çalışmada Etiyopya'ya bağlı Arsi tarımsal üretim bölgesinde ki çiftçilerin buğday pazarlaması ve pazarlama miktarı kararlarında etkili olan faktörler araştırılmıştır. Küçük üreticilerin buğday pazarlama kararlarına etkili olan faktörlerin açıklanmasında binary lojistik regresyon modeli kullanılmıştır. Diğer taraftan çiftçilerin üretmiş olduğu buğdayın ne ölçüde pazarlardığını etkileyen faktörlerin açıklanmasında doğrusal regresyon analizi modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada örnek büyüklüğü olan 80 çiftçi,Tiyo ilçesinden şansa bağlı olarak belirlenmiştir. Araştırma bulgularına göre çiftçilerin buğday pazarına orta düzeyde bir katılım gösterdikleri ve ürettikleri buğdayı %57,28 oranında sattıkları görülmüştür. Yine araştırma bulgularına göre ailedeki birey sayısı, üretilen buğday miktarı ve en yakın pazarlama merkezine olan uzaklık, çiftçilerin pazarlama kararı üzerine etkili olan faktörlerdir. Diğer taraftan, pazarlama yoğunluğu üzerine etkili olan faktörler ise ailedeki birey sayısı, buğday üretim alanı, banka kredisine erişim, patatesten elde edilen gelir ve buğday üretim miktarıdır. Genel olarak araştırma bulgularına göre küçük üreticiler, banka kredisine erişim, patatesten elde edilen gelir buğday üretim alanı ve üretim miktarının daha çok olması, pazarın işletmeye daha yakın olması ve ailedeki birey sayısının daha arz olması durumunda, pazara daha çok ürün arz etmektedir. Üreticilerin piyasaya daha çok katılımı için üretim artışı çok önemlidir. Bu yüzden daha yüksek verim elde edebilmek için buğday çeşitlerinin geliştirilmesi ve yayılması, pazar alt yapısının geliştirilmesi ve küçük üreticilere teşvikler verilmesi son derece önemlidir. Anhatar kelimler: Çiftçi kararları, Katılım düzeyi, Binary lojistik model, Buğday piyasası, Etiyopya.
This study explores factors influencing farmers' decision and level of participation in the wheat market in the Arsi highlands, Ethiopia. To examine the relationship between the smallholder farmers' decision to participate in the market and the factors that affect these farmers' decision, a binary regression model was employed. On the other hand, multiple linear regression model was used to identify the determinants that affecting the intensity of marketed surplus of wheat. For this study, random sampling procedure was employed to draw sample of 80 wheat producers of Tiyo district. The main findings of this study indicate that there is moderate level of market participation by the householder who decided to participate in the market with 57.28% sales of their produced wheat. The result revealed that household family size, amount of wheat produced and distance to the nearest market centers that affect the farmers' decision to participate in the output market. On the other hand, the intensity of marketed supply was significantly influenced by household family size, wheat farm size, and amount of wheat produced, access to bank credit and income from potato. The findings generally suggest that the smallholder farmers would participate more and more in the output market, if the amount of wheat produced, wheat farm size, access to bank credit and income from potato are increased in one hand and household family size and distance to the nearest market centers is decreased on the other hand. Yield improvements are critical if increased market participation is to be realized. Therefore, research efforts should be directed towards generation and dissemination of improved wheat seed varieties, development market infrastructure, and provision of marketing incentives to smallholder that will determine farmers' decision and level of participation in the wheat market in Ethiopia. Key words: Farmers' decision, level of participation, binary logistic model, multiple linear regression model, wheat market, Ethiopia.
This study explores factors influencing farmers' decision and level of participation in the wheat market in the Arsi highlands, Ethiopia. To examine the relationship between the smallholder farmers' decision to participate in the market and the factors that affect these farmers' decision, a binary regression model was employed. On the other hand, multiple linear regression model was used to identify the determinants that affecting the intensity of marketed surplus of wheat. For this study, random sampling procedure was employed to draw sample of 80 wheat producers of Tiyo district. The main findings of this study indicate that there is moderate level of market participation by the householder who decided to participate in the market with 57.28% sales of their produced wheat. The result revealed that household family size, amount of wheat produced and distance to the nearest market centers that affect the farmers' decision to participate in the output market. On the other hand, the intensity of marketed supply was significantly influenced by household family size, wheat farm size, and amount of wheat produced, access to bank credit and income from potato. The findings generally suggest that the smallholder farmers would participate more and more in the output market, if the amount of wheat produced, wheat farm size, access to bank credit and income from potato are increased in one hand and household family size and distance to the nearest market centers is decreased on the other hand. Yield improvements are critical if increased market participation is to be realized. Therefore, research efforts should be directed towards generation and dissemination of improved wheat seed varieties, development market infrastructure, and provision of marketing incentives to smallholder that will determine farmers' decision and level of participation in the wheat market in Ethiopia. Key words: Farmers' decision, level of participation, binary logistic model, multiple linear regression model, wheat market, Ethiopia.
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