Publication: Eğrelti Otundan Kompleks Polisakkarit Üretimi, Fizikokimyasal, Reolojik ve Termal Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi
Abstract
Bu çalışmada, karadeniz bölgesinde doğal olarak yetişen Pteridium aquilinum ve Dryopteris filix-mas türlerine ait eğrelti otlarının kök, yumru ve sap yapraklarından yeni tip kompleks polisakkarit (KPS) ekstrakte edilmiştir. Elde edilen polisakkaritler üzerinde çeşitli analizler yapılarak, gıda endüstrisinde kullanılabilecek iyi fonksiyonel özelliklere sahip yeni tip polisakkarit arayışı ve üretilen polisakkaritlerin fiziko-kimyasal, termal ve diğer özelliklerinin belirlenmesiyle ilgili bilgilerin literatüre kazandırılması amaçlanmıştır. Ekstrakte edilen polisakkaritler üzerinde yapılan analizler sonucunda, örneklerin farkı konsantrasyonlardaki suda çözünürlük indeksi değerleri istatistiksel olarak önemli (p<0.05) bulunmuştur. Örneklerin toplam alkaloid içeriği 0.6783-2.7844 mg/100 g arasında değişmektedir. Toplam alkaloidlerin ham eğrelti otundan ekstrakte polisakkaritlere geçme oranı (TAlk.go) ise %4.422-%13.728 arasında bulunmuştur. FT-IR analizi sonucunda, örneklerde polisakkaritlere özel parmak izi bölgesine ait pikler tespit edilmiştir. Polisakkarit örneklerinin görünür viskozitesi, örneklerin konsantrasyonu arttıkça artmıştır. PS örnekleri x konsantrasyon etkileşiminin örneklerin η50 değeri üzerine çok önemli (p<0.01) etkisinin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Örnekler belli bir frekansa (0.1-4.642 Hz) kadar kuvvetli jel özellik gösterirken artan belirli frekanslara kadar (14.68-46.42 Hz) G' ve G'' değerlerinin birbirine çok yakın seyrettiği ve böylece örnekler zayıf jel (G″≈G′) karakteri sergilediği gözlemlenmiştir. Daha sonraki artan frekanslarda G″
In this study, novel water-soluble complex polysaccharides (CPS) were extracted from from Pteridium aquilinum and Dryopteris filix-mas ferns in the Black Sea region. Various analyses were conducted on the obtained polysaccharides to search for new types of polysaccharides with good functional properties that can be used in the food industry, and the physicochemical, thermal, and other characteristics of the produced polysaccharides were determined to contribute the information to the literature. As a result of the analyses conducted on the extracted polysaccharides; The water solubility index (WSI) values of CPS samples at different concentrations were found to be statistically significant (p< 0.05). The total alkaloid content of the samples ranged from 0.6783 to 2.7844 mg/100 g. The transfer rate of total alkaloids from raw horsetail to extracted polysaccharides (TAlk.go) was found to be between 4.422% and 13.728%. From FT-IR analysis, peaks of the fingerprint region specific for polysaccharides were identified. In subsequent increasing frequencies, G″< G′ has been found, indicating that the elastic modulus has a higher value than the viscous modulus, showing that the elastic modulus is more dominant as a result of maturation. DSC analysis showed that the glassy transition temperature of the Dryopteris Filix-mas rhizome (DFR) was found to be higher than other 3 samples. In all samples, double Tcc (cold crystallization) peaks are detected, which is related with the structure of polysaccharide fibers amorphous regions and that means there are existed two kinds of amorphous regions together. During the TGA analysis, the CPS samples occurred a small amount of mass loss (1.2-1.85%) between 0-100℃ and the DTGmax.p1 region continued up to 215-230℃ and showed that 4 types of polysaccharides have excellent thermal stability (up to 230℃) and are applicable to high temperature food processing.
In this study, novel water-soluble complex polysaccharides (CPS) were extracted from from Pteridium aquilinum and Dryopteris filix-mas ferns in the Black Sea region. Various analyses were conducted on the obtained polysaccharides to search for new types of polysaccharides with good functional properties that can be used in the food industry, and the physicochemical, thermal, and other characteristics of the produced polysaccharides were determined to contribute the information to the literature. As a result of the analyses conducted on the extracted polysaccharides; The water solubility index (WSI) values of CPS samples at different concentrations were found to be statistically significant (p< 0.05). The total alkaloid content of the samples ranged from 0.6783 to 2.7844 mg/100 g. The transfer rate of total alkaloids from raw horsetail to extracted polysaccharides (TAlk.go) was found to be between 4.422% and 13.728%. From FT-IR analysis, peaks of the fingerprint region specific for polysaccharides were identified. In subsequent increasing frequencies, G″< G′ has been found, indicating that the elastic modulus has a higher value than the viscous modulus, showing that the elastic modulus is more dominant as a result of maturation. DSC analysis showed that the glassy transition temperature of the Dryopteris Filix-mas rhizome (DFR) was found to be higher than other 3 samples. In all samples, double Tcc (cold crystallization) peaks are detected, which is related with the structure of polysaccharide fibers amorphous regions and that means there are existed two kinds of amorphous regions together. During the TGA analysis, the CPS samples occurred a small amount of mass loss (1.2-1.85%) between 0-100℃ and the DTGmax.p1 region continued up to 215-230℃ and showed that 4 types of polysaccharides have excellent thermal stability (up to 230℃) and are applicable to high temperature food processing.
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