Functional Food Components and Activities of Pinus Nigra and Pinus Sylvestris Barks as Food Supplements

Abstract

Nowadays, the need for new natural origins medicinal sources has increased because of their low-harmful potential and can be developed at low cost. The Pine plants have excellent natural and economic benefits. In addition, they have numerous bioactive chemical compounds. In this work, we aimed to determine the chemical composition and the bioactivity of Pinus sylvestris bark (PSB: Sarı Çam) and Pinus nigra bark (PNB: Kara Çam) extracts and also compared a commercial product. The PSB extract was fractionated by a colon chomatography. The PSB-FR-2 fraction of PSB extract had a high phenolic content of 157.62±1.06 mg GAE g-1 extract. The inhibitory activities of PNB and PSB extracts against α-amylase and α-glucosidase showed twice the activity of acarbose compared to acarbose. Moreover, the qPCR test showed that PSB extract could reduce the expression of the ACE2 gene in lung cells even at the lowest concentration of 50 μg mL-1. The MIC test indicated that extracts could potentially have antibacterial effects. The results reveal that PNB, PSB extracts and PBS fractions had various bioactivity besides the high phenolic and flavonoid metabolites content. So, it could be a promising model of natural medicinal products for forwarding studies.