Publication: Horoz Spermasının Dondurulmasında Shilajit'in Etkisi
Abstract
Yapılan bu çalışmanın amacı, horoz spermasının dondurulmasında antioksidan olan shilajitin spermatolojik parametreler ve spermatozoon DNA bütünlüğü üzerine etkisinin incelenmesidir. Horoz spermatozoonu, plazma membranında nispeten az miktarda sitoplazma ve yüksek miktarlarda çoklu doymamış yağ asitleri içermektedir. Bu özellikler horoz spermatozoasını kriyoprezervasyon sırasında açığa çıkan aşırı miktardaki reaktif oksijen türleri ile potansiyel olarak hasara karşı daha duyarlı hale getirerek artan lipid peroksidasyonu sonucu spermatolojik parametrelerin olumsuz etkilenmesine ve spermatozoon DNA hasarı oluşumuna neden olmaktadır. Bu olumsuz durumları ortadan kaldırmaya yönelik sperma sulandırıcılarına reaktif oksijen türlerinin oluşumunu ortadan kaldıran, temizleyen, baskılayan veya etkilerine karşı çıkan bileşikler olan antioksidan maddelerin kullanıldığı birçok çalışma yapılmıştır. Çalışmamızda, 20 adet Plymouth Rock ırkı horozdan alınan spermalar bireysel farklılıkları ortadan kaldırmak adına aynı toplama kabında bir araya getirildi. Beltsville Poultry Semen Extender (BPSE) sulandırıcısına 5 µg/mL, 10 µg/mL, 15 µg/mL, 20 µg/mL ve 25 µg/mL shilajit eklenerek 5 adet çalışma ve 1 adet kontrol grubu oluşturularak sperma sulandırıldı. Sulandırılan sperma +4oC'de 2 saat süreyle ekilibrasyona bırakıldı. Ekilibrasyonu takiben sulandırılmış sperma 0,25 mL'lik payetler içerisine doldurulduktan sonra sıvı azot buharında donduruldu ve sıvı azot içerisinde -196oC'de saklandı. Dondurulmuş horoz spermaları su banyosunda 37oC'de 30 saniye süreyle çözdürüldü. Çözdürme sonrası sperma motilitesi (%), progresif motilite (%), kinematik parametrelerden VAP (µm/s), VSL (µm/s), VCL (µm/s), ALH (µm), STR (%), LIN (%) parametreleri, canlılık oranı (%), anormal spermatozoa oranı (%) ve COMET analiz yöntemi ile spermatozoon DNA hasarı belirlendi. Çalışma bulguları incelendiğinde; sperma sulandırıcısı içerisine katılan farklı dozlardaki shilajitin sperma motilitesi, progresif motilite ve spermatozoa canlılık oranı değerleri karşılaştırıldığında 20 µg/mL shilajit içeren grubun değerlerinin diğer gruplara göre yüksek olduğu, total anormal spermatozoa parametresinin incelenmesinde ise 5 µg/mL shilajit içeren grubun değerlerinin diğer gruplara göre düşük olduğu tespit edilmiştir. DNA hasarı sonuçları incelendiğinde ise 10 µg/mL ve 15 µg/mL shilajit içeren gruplarda en düşük DNA hasarına sahip gruplar oldukları tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, horoz sperma sulandırıcısına 10, 15, 20 µg/mL shilajit ilavesinin kriyoprezervasyon sonrası spermanın hareket parametreleri, canlılık ve DNA bütünlüğü gibi sperma kalite parametrelerini iyileştirdiği sonucuna varılmıştır.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of shilajit, which is an antioxidant in freezing rooster semen, on spermatological parameters and spermatozoon DNA integrity. Rooster spermatozoa contain relatively little cytoplasm and high amounts of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the plasma membrane. These features make the rooster spermatozoa more susceptible to potential damage by the excessive amount of reactive oxygen species released during cryopreservation, resulting in increased lipid peroxidation, negatively affecting spermatological parameters and causing spermatogenic DNA damage. In order to eliminate these negative situations, many studies have been carried out by adding antioxidant substances, which are compounds that eliminate the formation of reactive oxygen species, clean, suppress or oppose the effects of reactive oxygen species in the semen extender. In our study, semen from 20 Plymouth Rock roosters were collected in the same collection container to eliminate individual differences. By adding 5 µg/mL, 10 µg/mL, 15 µg/mL, 20 µg/mL and 25 µg/mL shilajit to the Beltsville Poultry Semen Extender (BPSE), semen was diluted by forming 5 study groups and 1 control group. The diluted semen was equilibrated for 2 hours at +4oC. After equilibration, diluted semen was filled into 0.25 mL straws, frozen in liquid nitrogen vapor and stored in liquid nitrogen at -196oC. Frozen rooster semen was thawed in a water bath at 37oC for 30 seconds. After thawing sperm motility (%), progressive motility (%), kinematic parameters such as VAP (µm/s), VSL (µm/s), VCL (µm/s), ALH (µm), STR (%), LIN (%) was evaluated. Viability rate (%), abnormal sperm rate (%) and spermatozoa DNA damage were determined by COMET analysis method. When the study findings are examined; When the sperm motility, progressive motility and sperm viability rate values of different doses of shilajit added to the semen extender were compared, the values of the group containing 20 µg/mL shilajit were higher than the other groups and in the examination of the total abnormal spermatozoa parameter, the values of the group containing 5 µg/mL shilajit were found to be lower than the other groups. When DNA damage results were examined, it was determined that the groups containing 10 µg/mL and 15 µg/mL shilajit had the lowest DNA damage. As a result, it was concluded that the addition of 10, 15, 20 µg/mL shilajit to rooster semen extender improves semen quality parameters such as motility parameters, viability and DNA integrity of semen after cryopreservation.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of shilajit, which is an antioxidant in freezing rooster semen, on spermatological parameters and spermatozoon DNA integrity. Rooster spermatozoa contain relatively little cytoplasm and high amounts of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the plasma membrane. These features make the rooster spermatozoa more susceptible to potential damage by the excessive amount of reactive oxygen species released during cryopreservation, resulting in increased lipid peroxidation, negatively affecting spermatological parameters and causing spermatogenic DNA damage. In order to eliminate these negative situations, many studies have been carried out by adding antioxidant substances, which are compounds that eliminate the formation of reactive oxygen species, clean, suppress or oppose the effects of reactive oxygen species in the semen extender. In our study, semen from 20 Plymouth Rock roosters were collected in the same collection container to eliminate individual differences. By adding 5 µg/mL, 10 µg/mL, 15 µg/mL, 20 µg/mL and 25 µg/mL shilajit to the Beltsville Poultry Semen Extender (BPSE), semen was diluted by forming 5 study groups and 1 control group. The diluted semen was equilibrated for 2 hours at +4oC. After equilibration, diluted semen was filled into 0.25 mL straws, frozen in liquid nitrogen vapor and stored in liquid nitrogen at -196oC. Frozen rooster semen was thawed in a water bath at 37oC for 30 seconds. After thawing sperm motility (%), progressive motility (%), kinematic parameters such as VAP (µm/s), VSL (µm/s), VCL (µm/s), ALH (µm), STR (%), LIN (%) was evaluated. Viability rate (%), abnormal sperm rate (%) and spermatozoa DNA damage were determined by COMET analysis method. When the study findings are examined; When the sperm motility, progressive motility and sperm viability rate values of different doses of shilajit added to the semen extender were compared, the values of the group containing 20 µg/mL shilajit were higher than the other groups and in the examination of the total abnormal spermatozoa parameter, the values of the group containing 5 µg/mL shilajit were found to be lower than the other groups. When DNA damage results were examined, it was determined that the groups containing 10 µg/mL and 15 µg/mL shilajit had the lowest DNA damage. As a result, it was concluded that the addition of 10, 15, 20 µg/mL shilajit to rooster semen extender improves semen quality parameters such as motility parameters, viability and DNA integrity of semen after cryopreservation.
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