Publication: Krem Bal Üretim Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu
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Çalışma kapsamında öncelikli olarak Ordu, Tekirdağ ve Muğla illerinden temin edilen sırasıyla çiçek, kanola ve çam ballarının su aktivitesi, pH, fruktoz, glikoz, sakkaroz, briks vb. gibi genel kalite kriterleri geleneksel ve yakın (NIR) ve orta spektroskopik yöntemlerle (MIR) belirlenmiştir. Bunun yanı sıra üç çeşit bala ilave olarak balların birbirleriyle eşit karışımlarının da dahil olduğu altı çeşit bal örneği kullanılarak üç gün ve yedi gün süreli krem bal üretimi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Söz konusu her iki üretimde Design Expert programı kullanılarak 20 model desen belirlenmiş ve üretimler bu model desene göre gerçekleştirilmiştir. Model desen kapsamında ise kristalize bal, karıştırma sayısı ve karıştırma süresi olarak 3' lü değişkenler kullanılmıştır. Söz konusu değişkenlerde kristalize bal % 0-20, karıştırma sayısı 1-13 ve karıştırma süresi ise 0-10 dakika aralığında olmak üzere çeşitli kombinasyonlar kullanılarak üretimler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen krem bal örneklerinde Tekstür Analiz cihazı kullanılarak geri ekstrüzyon ve sürülebilirlik analizleri yapılmış ve analizler sonucunda sertlik, yapışkanlık, kıvam, viskozite indeksi yanı sıra viskozite yükü, sertlik yanıtları elde edilmiştir. Çiçek, çam, kanola, çiçek-çam, çiçek-kanola ve çam-kanola krem ballarında Central Composite Rotable Dizayna göre elde edilen yanıtlar kullanılarak modelleme çalışması yapılmıştır. Yapılan modellemelerin değerlendirilmesi sonucunda ise çiçek, çam, kanola, çiçek-çam krem bal örneklerinin 3 ve 7 günlük üretimlerinde modellemelerin istatistiki olarak anlamlı olmadığı (p>0.05), aynı şekilde çiçek-kanola ve çam-kanola krem ballarının 3 günlük üretimlerindeki geri ekstrüzyon ve sürülebilirlik modelleri istatistiki anlamda anlamlı olmadığı (p>0.05) tespit edilmiş ancak 7 günlük üretimde istatistiki anlamda anlamlı bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Kanola krem balının tekstürel özellikleri diğer ballara göre daha yüksek bulunurken kanola balının krem bal üretiminde direkt olarak değil diğer ballarla karışım halinde kullanılması ayrıca yedi günlük üretimde yapılan krem bal örneklerinin 3 günlük yönteme göre daha uygun olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Sonuç olarak çiçek ve çam ballarının krem bal üretimi için en iyi alternatif olduğu, kanola balının ise takviye amacıyla kullanılmasının uygun olacağı, kanola balı krem bal üretiminde geliştirici olarak kullanılabileceği, bunun yanında 7 günlük üretimin krem bal üretimine daha uygun olduğu bulunmuştur.
In this study, it was determined general quality parameters of blossom, canola and honeydew honeys obtained from Ordu, Tekirdağ, Muğla with traditional, near and mid infrared spectroscopy (NIR, MIR) methods. In addition, creamed honey productions were occurred from mentioned honeys and their mixture (1:1 w/w) according to two production methods during 3 and 7 days. The model pattern (contain 20 different trials) used for production methods was determined from Design Expert Programme according to variables as crystallized honey percent, number and time of mixing. The ranges of variables like 0-20 % for crystallized honey, 1-13 times for mixing number and 1-10 minutes for mixing time were determined and the productions were occurred according to mentioned variable combinations at model pattern obtained from the programme. Back extrusion and spreadability analyses were made by using Texture Analyser and hardness, stickiness, consistency, index of viscosity and work of shear parameters were obtained from mentioned analyses. As a result of the Central Composite Rotable Design, it was found that models of blossom, honeydew, canola and blossom-honeydew mix creamed honey produced 3 and 7 days production methods and blossom-canola and honeydew-canola creamed honey produced 3 days production method were not statistically important (p>0.05) but blossom-canola and honeydew-canola creamed honey samples were statistically important (p<0.05). Textural properties of the canola creamed honey was found higher than other creamed honey samples and it was result that canola honey can be used support material for texture of creamed honey instead of used raw material for creamed honey. It was found that 7 days creamed honey production method was given better results compared to 3 days creamed honey production method. Consequently, blossom and honeydew honeys are suitable for creamed honey production and canola honey have supporting effect on creamed honey texture.
In this study, it was determined general quality parameters of blossom, canola and honeydew honeys obtained from Ordu, Tekirdağ, Muğla with traditional, near and mid infrared spectroscopy (NIR, MIR) methods. In addition, creamed honey productions were occurred from mentioned honeys and their mixture (1:1 w/w) according to two production methods during 3 and 7 days. The model pattern (contain 20 different trials) used for production methods was determined from Design Expert Programme according to variables as crystallized honey percent, number and time of mixing. The ranges of variables like 0-20 % for crystallized honey, 1-13 times for mixing number and 1-10 minutes for mixing time were determined and the productions were occurred according to mentioned variable combinations at model pattern obtained from the programme. Back extrusion and spreadability analyses were made by using Texture Analyser and hardness, stickiness, consistency, index of viscosity and work of shear parameters were obtained from mentioned analyses. As a result of the Central Composite Rotable Design, it was found that models of blossom, honeydew, canola and blossom-honeydew mix creamed honey produced 3 and 7 days production methods and blossom-canola and honeydew-canola creamed honey produced 3 days production method were not statistically important (p>0.05) but blossom-canola and honeydew-canola creamed honey samples were statistically important (p<0.05). Textural properties of the canola creamed honey was found higher than other creamed honey samples and it was result that canola honey can be used support material for texture of creamed honey instead of used raw material for creamed honey. It was found that 7 days creamed honey production method was given better results compared to 3 days creamed honey production method. Consequently, blossom and honeydew honeys are suitable for creamed honey production and canola honey have supporting effect on creamed honey texture.
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Tez (doktora) -- Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, 2016
Libra Kayıt No: 92054
Libra Kayıt No: 92054
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