Publication: Derin Beyin Stimulasyonu Uygulanan Parkinson Hastalarında Ritmik İşitsel Uyarının Kognitif ve Motor Yetenekler ile Müzik Algısı Üzerine Etkisi
Abstract
Bu çalışma, Derin Beyin Stimülasyonu (DBS) uygulanan Parkinson hastalarında ritmik işitsel uyaranın hastaların müzikal algıları, motor, kognitif ve denge becerileri üzerine etkilerinin incelenmesi amacıyla gerçekleştirildi. Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Sağlık Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi Beyin ve Sinir Cerrahi servisine başvuran 40-60 yaş arası, Parkinson tanısı alan, Parkinson Hoehn Yahr evresi(PHYE) 2-3 seviye olan ve DBS uygulanması için uygun görülen kadın ve erkek gönüllülerden oluşan, 10 kişilik bir örneklem gurubu (Deney grubu: 5; Kontrol grubu: 5) üzerinde gerçekleştirildi. Deney gurubuna DBS işleminden 1 ay sonra başlayarak 8 hafta boyunca haftada 3 gün 30 dakika süreyle Ritmik İşitsel Stimülasyon (RİS) programı uygulandı. RİS, standart ve modifiye edilmiş dört farklı RİS uygulaması altında 2/4'lik ritim oranında marakasla ritim tutarak 10 metre mesafede yürüyüş ile birlikte alt ve üst ekstremite çalışması yapılarak gerçekleştirildi. RİS uygulama protokolünde kullanılan 2/4'lik 10 metre yürüyüşte ve üst ekstremite çalışmasında Türk müziği Nim sofyan usulünde, marakasla ritim tutarak çalışma yapıldı. Dahil edilen hastaların tamamına DBS öncesi İşitme Testi, DBS öncesi ve 3 ay sonrasında Müzikal Algı Testi (MAT), Parkinson Hastalığı Yaşam Kalitesi Anketi (PHYKA-39), Birleşik Parkinson Hastalığı Değerleme Ölçeği (BPHDÖ), Montreal Bilişsel Değerlendirme Ölçeği (MoCA), Mini Mental Test, Süreli Kalk ve Yürü Testi (SKYT), Tinetti Denge (TDT) ve Yürüme Testi, Uluslararası Düşme Etkinliği Ölçeği(FES) ve Fonksiyonel Uzanma Testi (FUT) uygulandı. Kontrol grubu, DBS uygulama öncesi ve sonrasında uygulanan FES, PHYKA-39, BPHDÖ'i karşılaştırmasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı sonuçlar elde edildi (p<0.05). Çalışma grubunda DBS ve RİS uygulaması öncesinde ve sonrasında yapılan karşılaştırmada SKYT, FES, TDT, PHYE, PHYKA-39, MDS-UPDRS testlerinde anlamlı sonuçlar elde edildi (p<0.05). Kontrol ve çalışma grubu uygulama sonrası yapılan gruplar arası karşılaştırmada anlamlı sonuçlar elde edildi (p<0.05). Sonuçlara göre, ritmik işitsel terapi, DBS olan Parkinson hastalarında motor ve denge becerileri üzerinde etkin sonuçlar göstermektedir. RİS uygulamasının müzikal algıyı geliştirdiği düşündürmektedir.
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of rhythmic auditory stimulation on musical perception, motor, cognitive and balance skills in Parkinson's disease patients who underwent Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS). The study was conducted on a sample group of 10 male and female volunteers (Experimental group: 5; Control group: 5) aged between 40-60 years who applied to the Brain and Neurosurgery Department of Ondokuz Mayıs University Health Application and Research Center, were diagnosed with Parkinson's disease, had a Parkinson's Hoehn Yahr stage of 2-3, and were deemed suitable for DBS application. The experimental group was given the Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation (RAS) program for 30 minutes, 3 days a week for 8 weeks, starting 1 month after the DBS procedure. RAS was performed by walking for 10 meters and doing lower and upper extremity exercises under four different standard and modified RAS applications, keeping the rhythm with maracas at a 2/4 rhythm rate. In the 2/4 10-meter walk and upper extremity exercise used in the RAS application protocol, exercises were performed in the Turkish music Nim Sofian style, keeping rhythm with maracas. All included patients underwent the Hearing Test before DBS, the Musical Perception Test (MPT), the Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39), the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA), the Mini Mental Test, the Timed Up and Go Test (TUG), the Tinetti Balance and Walking Test, the International Falls Efficacy Scale (FES) and the Functional Reach Test (FRT) before and 3 months after DBS. Statistically significant results were obtained in the comparison of FES, PDQ-39, MDS-UPDRS applied before and after DBS application in the control group (p<0.05). In the comparison made before and after DBS and RIS application in the study group, significant results were obtained in TUG, FES, Tinetti Balance Test, Parkinson Hoehn-Yahr Staging, PDQ-39, MDS-UPDRS tests(p<0.05). In addition, significant results were obtained in the comparison between the control and study groups after the application(p<0.05). According to the results of our study, rhythmic auditory therapy shows effective results on motor and balance skills in Parkinson's disease patients with DBS. The results of our study show that there are significant changes in balance and motor skills, in line with the literature. According to the results, rhythmic auditory therapy shows effective results on motor and balance skills in Parkinson's disease patients with DBS. It is thought that RAS application improves musical perception.
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of rhythmic auditory stimulation on musical perception, motor, cognitive and balance skills in Parkinson's disease patients who underwent Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS). The study was conducted on a sample group of 10 male and female volunteers (Experimental group: 5; Control group: 5) aged between 40-60 years who applied to the Brain and Neurosurgery Department of Ondokuz Mayıs University Health Application and Research Center, were diagnosed with Parkinson's disease, had a Parkinson's Hoehn Yahr stage of 2-3, and were deemed suitable for DBS application. The experimental group was given the Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation (RAS) program for 30 minutes, 3 days a week for 8 weeks, starting 1 month after the DBS procedure. RAS was performed by walking for 10 meters and doing lower and upper extremity exercises under four different standard and modified RAS applications, keeping the rhythm with maracas at a 2/4 rhythm rate. In the 2/4 10-meter walk and upper extremity exercise used in the RAS application protocol, exercises were performed in the Turkish music Nim Sofian style, keeping rhythm with maracas. All included patients underwent the Hearing Test before DBS, the Musical Perception Test (MPT), the Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39), the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA), the Mini Mental Test, the Timed Up and Go Test (TUG), the Tinetti Balance and Walking Test, the International Falls Efficacy Scale (FES) and the Functional Reach Test (FRT) before and 3 months after DBS. Statistically significant results were obtained in the comparison of FES, PDQ-39, MDS-UPDRS applied before and after DBS application in the control group (p<0.05). In the comparison made before and after DBS and RIS application in the study group, significant results were obtained in TUG, FES, Tinetti Balance Test, Parkinson Hoehn-Yahr Staging, PDQ-39, MDS-UPDRS tests(p<0.05). In addition, significant results were obtained in the comparison between the control and study groups after the application(p<0.05). According to the results of our study, rhythmic auditory therapy shows effective results on motor and balance skills in Parkinson's disease patients with DBS. The results of our study show that there are significant changes in balance and motor skills, in line with the literature. According to the results, rhythmic auditory therapy shows effective results on motor and balance skills in Parkinson's disease patients with DBS. It is thought that RAS application improves musical perception.
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