The Functions of Voltage-Dependent Potassium Channels in Neurones

Abstract

Potassium channels are the one of the most important channel families for the establishment of the excitability in neurons and some other cells. These channels determine the resting membrane potential, the height and the duration of the action potential and the duration of refractory period. Potassium channels are genetically so diverse and they are voltage-dependent. There are more than 30 channels characterized on the biophysical ground. The separation and isolation of these channels were based on the differential voltage sensitivity, kinetic and pharmacological properties. Potassium channels play important roles particularly in the development of the inherited disorders (ataxia, epilepsy and heart arrhythmia) and disorders associated with the sense organs (deafness and blindness) that change the excitability of neurons.