Publication: Prematüre Retinopatisi Takipli 8-12 Yaş Çocuklarda Göz Ön ve Arka Segment Değişiklikleri ve Refraksiyon Kusurları
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AMAÇ: Prematüre retinopatisi (ROP) için takip edilmiş 8-12 yaşına gelmiş çocuklarda göz ön ve arka segment değişikliklerinin, refraksiyon kusurlarının ve bunlar arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesi. GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Çalışma Mayıs 2017 - Ocak 2018 tarihleri arasında Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Göz Hastalıkları Kliniğinde prospektif olarak yürütüldü. Daha önce ROP riski ile takip edilmiş ve 8-12 yaşına gelmiş 55 prematüre doğum hikayeli çocuk ile aynı yaş grubundaki sağlıklı 50 term doğum hikayeli çocuk çalışmaya dahil edildi. Prematüre doğmuş olan çocuklar ROP gelişmeyen (Grup 1), ROP gelişip tedavi ihtiyacı olmayan (Grup 2) ve ROP gelişip tedavi edilmiş olan (Grup 3) şeklinde 3 gruba ayrıldı. Term çocuklar kontrol grubu olarak kabul edildi. Tüm olgularda sikloplejik refraksiyon, santral kornea kalınığı (SKK), göz içi basıncı (GİB), keratometri ve en iyi düzeltilmiş görme keskinliği (EDGK) ölçüldü. Biyomikroskopik muayene, fundus muayenesi ve şaşılık değerlendirmesi yapıldı. Ultrason biyomikroskobun (UBM) 10 mHz A-scan probu ile ön kamara derinliği (ÖKD), lens kalınlığı (LK), vitreus uzunluğu (VU) ve aksiyel uzunluk (AU) ölçümleri, 50 MHz probu ile ön kamara açısı (ÖKA) ve iris kalınlığı (İK) ölçümleri yapıldı. BULGULAR: Çalışmada 105 hastanın 210 gözü incelendi. Gruplar yaş ve cinsiyet açısından benzerdi. Prematüre çocuklarda kontrol grubuna kıyasla ÖKD (p<0,001), ÖKA (p<0,001), İK (p=0,016), VU (p<0,001) ve AU (p<0,001) daha düşük, LK (p<0,001) daha fazla bulundu. Görme keskinliği grup 3'te en düşük bulundu (p<0,001). Doğum ağırlığı (DA) ve doğum haftası (DH) artıkça ÖKD, AU ve EDGK'nın arttığı belirlendi (p<0,001). Doğum ağırlığı ve DH ile SKK, GİB ve korneal güç arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunamadı (p>0,05). Lens kalınlığı ile ÖKD (r =-0,575; p<0,001) ve AU (r =-0,376, p<0,001) arasındaorta düzeyde anlamlı negatif yönlü bir ilişki tespit edildi. Diğer oküler biyometrik parametreler arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunamadı (p>0,05). Grup 3'te miyopi oranı (%55.9) en yüksek ve ortalama sferik eşdeğer en düşük (-1,27±3.55 D) (p<0,001) bulundu. Emetrop olgularla karşılatırıldığında, miyopik olgularda ÖKD daha dar, lens daha kalın, EDGK daha düşük tespit edildi. Hipermetropik olgularla karşılaştırıldığında, miyopik olgularda AU ve VU daha uzun, kornea daha dik tespit edildi. Astigmat olan gözlerde ÖKD daha dar, lens daha kalın, EDGK daha düşük tespit edildi. Grup 3'te %35,2 anizometropi, % 17,6 ezotropya, % 5,9 ekzotropya tespit edildi. Diğer gruplarda anizometropi ve şaşılık tespit edilmedi. SONUÇLAR: Prematüre çocuklarda miyopi, hipermetropi astigmatizma ve anizometropi insidansı artmaktadır. Miyopi aksiyel uzunluktan daha çok ön segment değiikliklerindenkaynaklanmaktadır. Bu olgularda, ÖKD daha dar, lens daha kalın, AU daha kısadır. Ciddi refraksiyon kusuru, anizometropi ve şaşılık prematüre ve ROP tedavili olgularda görme azlığının nedenleridir. ANAHTAR KELİMELER: Prematürite, prematüre retinopatisi, refraksiyon kusuru, oküler biyometrik parametreler, ultrason biyomikroskopisi, UBM.
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anterior and posterior segment changes, refraction defects and the relationship between them in children who are prematurity story and who are 8-12 years old. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between May 2017 and January 2018, 55 premature infants aged 8-12 years with a birth week ≤34 weeks or birth weight ≤1750 grams and healthy 50 term children examined at Ondokuz Mayıs University Medical Faculty Ophthalmology Department Polyclinic were included. Children with premature birth were divided into three groups as without ROP (Grup 1), ROP developed and without treatment (Group 2), ROP developed and treated (Grup 3). Term children were accepted as control group (Group 4). Cycloplegic refraction and keratometry values of all patients were determined by autokeratorefractometer. Visual acuity was assessed with Snellen's sword. Optical biometry components (anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, vitreous length and axial length) were measured using an A-scan biometry device. Anterior chamber angle and iris thickness were assessed with a 50 MHz probe from an ultrasonic biometry instrument. RESULTS: The study included 210 eyes of 105 patients. Anterior chamber depth, anterior chamber angle, iris thickness, vitreous length and axial length were lower in the premature group, while lens thickness was lower in the control group. Visual acuity was the lowest in the treated group. Correlation analysis revealed that anterior chamber depth, axial length, visual acuity increased with birth weight and birth week increases. There was no significant correlation between birth weight and birth week and central corneal thickness, eye pressure and corneal power (p> 0.05). A negative mean moderate correlation was found between lens thickness and anterior chamber depth (r = -0.575, p <0.001). No significant correlation was found between Iris thickness and eye pressure, and anterior chamber angle, central corneal thickness(p> 0.05). In the treated group (ROP 3), 55.9% myopia, 23.5% hypermetropia, 50% astigmatism and 35.2% anisometropia were detected. No anisometropia was detected in the other groups. When compared with the emetrop group, in the myopic cases, the anterior chamber was narrower, the lensthicker, the cornea more steep, and the visual acuity lower. When compared with the hypermetropic cases, AU and VU were longer and corneal were more steep in myopic cases. In eyes with astigmatism, the anterior chamber was narrower, the lens thicker, the axial length shorter, and the visual acuity lower. In the treated group, 17.6% of esotropia and 5.9% of exotropia were detected. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated an increased incidence of myopia, astigmatism, anisometropia, and hypermetropia in premature children. In premature children had the shallower anterior chamber, the greater lens thickness and the shortest axial length. Myopia was caused by anterior segment changes rather than axial length. Serious refraction defects, anisometropia and strabismus are the causes of visual impairment in premature infants. KEYWORDS: Prematurity, refraction defects, optical components, ultrasonic biometry
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anterior and posterior segment changes, refraction defects and the relationship between them in children who are prematurity story and who are 8-12 years old. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between May 2017 and January 2018, 55 premature infants aged 8-12 years with a birth week ≤34 weeks or birth weight ≤1750 grams and healthy 50 term children examined at Ondokuz Mayıs University Medical Faculty Ophthalmology Department Polyclinic were included. Children with premature birth were divided into three groups as without ROP (Grup 1), ROP developed and without treatment (Group 2), ROP developed and treated (Grup 3). Term children were accepted as control group (Group 4). Cycloplegic refraction and keratometry values of all patients were determined by autokeratorefractometer. Visual acuity was assessed with Snellen's sword. Optical biometry components (anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, vitreous length and axial length) were measured using an A-scan biometry device. Anterior chamber angle and iris thickness were assessed with a 50 MHz probe from an ultrasonic biometry instrument. RESULTS: The study included 210 eyes of 105 patients. Anterior chamber depth, anterior chamber angle, iris thickness, vitreous length and axial length were lower in the premature group, while lens thickness was lower in the control group. Visual acuity was the lowest in the treated group. Correlation analysis revealed that anterior chamber depth, axial length, visual acuity increased with birth weight and birth week increases. There was no significant correlation between birth weight and birth week and central corneal thickness, eye pressure and corneal power (p> 0.05). A negative mean moderate correlation was found between lens thickness and anterior chamber depth (r = -0.575, p <0.001). No significant correlation was found between Iris thickness and eye pressure, and anterior chamber angle, central corneal thickness(p> 0.05). In the treated group (ROP 3), 55.9% myopia, 23.5% hypermetropia, 50% astigmatism and 35.2% anisometropia were detected. No anisometropia was detected in the other groups. When compared with the emetrop group, in the myopic cases, the anterior chamber was narrower, the lensthicker, the cornea more steep, and the visual acuity lower. When compared with the hypermetropic cases, AU and VU were longer and corneal were more steep in myopic cases. In eyes with astigmatism, the anterior chamber was narrower, the lens thicker, the axial length shorter, and the visual acuity lower. In the treated group, 17.6% of esotropia and 5.9% of exotropia were detected. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated an increased incidence of myopia, astigmatism, anisometropia, and hypermetropia in premature children. In premature children had the shallower anterior chamber, the greater lens thickness and the shortest axial length. Myopia was caused by anterior segment changes rather than axial length. Serious refraction defects, anisometropia and strabismus are the causes of visual impairment in premature infants. KEYWORDS: Prematurity, refraction defects, optical components, ultrasonic biometry
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Tez (tıpta uzmanlık) -- Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, 2018
Libra Kayıt No: 124645
Libra Kayıt No: 124645
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