Publication: Bafra Ovası Arazi Koşullarında Yüzey Sulama Yöntemlerinden Karık, Tava ve Uzun Tava Boyutlarının Belirlenmesi ve Genel Ampirik Eşitliklerle Değerlendirilmesi
Abstract
Bu çalışmada yüzey sulama yöntemlerinden karık, tava ve uzun tava boyutlarının belirlenmesi amacıyla akış denemeleri kurulmuş ve sonuçlar alınmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar bu konuda geliştirilmiş olan kinematik dalga, sıfır atalet ve tam hidrodinamik yüzey sulama modelleriyle karşılaştırılmıştır.Karıklarda 1.5, 2.0 ve 2.5 L/s debiler kullanılarak akış denemeleri yapılmış infiltrasyon durumu ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Net infiltrasyon sürelerinin 1.5, 2.0 ve 2.5 L/s debide sırasıyla 205 dakika, 159 dakika ve 117 dakika olduğu belirlenmiştir. Karık boylarının belirlenmesinde net infiltrasyon süresinin ¼'ü kadar sürede suyun karık sonuna ulaşması gerektiğinden 1.5, 2.0 ve 2.5 L/s debilerde ortaya çıkarılan ilerleme eğrileri kullanılarak sırasıyla 86.6, 92.5 ve 97.3 m olarak en uygun karık boyları belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada karşılaştırılan modellerde karık boyları 1.5, 2.0 ve 2.5 L/s debilerde ortalama olarak sırasıyla 92.3, 98.5 ve 111.1m olarak tahmin edilmiştir.Tava denemesinde 13x25 m boyutlarında deneme parseli oluşturularak 1 L/s/m debi ile çalışma yapılmış, en/boy oranı 1/2 olabilen tavalarda %80 randımanla 103mm sulama suyunun optimum bir şekilde toprağa girmesinin sağlanması durumunda, istenilen debi ve sulama süreleri için oluşturulmuş grafiklerden tava alanlarının bulunabilmeleri sağlanmıştır.Uzun tavalarda, arazi denemesi sonucunda 1.5, 2.0 ve 2.5 L/s/m debiler için uzun tava boyları ortalama olarak sırasıyla 94.0 m, 102.4 ve 118.7 m olarak belirlenirken, modellerde ise uzun tava boyları ortalama olarak sırasıyla 89.5 m, 111.2m ve 114.6 m olarak hesaplanmıştır.Kinematik Dalga (K.W), Sıfır Atalet (Z.I) ve Tam Hidrodinamik modelleriyle yapılan karık, tava ve uzun tava boylarının belirlenmesi çalışmalarında arazide belirlenen sonuçlar ile modellerle tahmin edilen sonuçlar arasında yakın ilişkiler olduğu bulunmuştur.
In this study, surface irrigation systems which are furrow, basin and border irrigation layout determination was purposed and flow parameters were obtained. Results were compared the models which are developed in subjects were Kinematic Wave (K.W), Zero Inertia (Z.I) and Full Hydrodynamic models.Flow tests observed in furrow for infiltration inflow rate were 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 L/s. Net infiltration times were 205, 159 and 117 minutes for inflow rate 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 L/s respectively. Determinations of the furrow length using square rule for net infiltration times were found from ¼ times net infiltration time and advance curve using. This application results furrow length were 86.6, 92.5 ve 97.3 m for the inflow rates 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 L/s respectively. The models were applied to all events, and it was found that the furrow lengths were 92.3, 98.5 and 111.1 m for the models inflow rate 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 L/s respectively.Basin irrigation in 13x25m layout and 1 L/s/m inflow rate event was performed. Basin area was found from the graphics which was plotted in conditions of width/length rate would be 1/2, irrigation efficiency %80, and 103mm irrigation water dept. Length of the basin was determined using the graphics input data for inflow rate and irrigation time.Borders Lengths were determined as 94.0 m, 102.4 and 118.7 m for inflow rate 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 L/s/m from field data. Predicted border lengths using the models for the same inflow rate were 89.5 m, 111.2m and 114.6 m respectively.Data obtained from the field for determining the layout of the surface irrigation methods was compared the models based on Kinematic wave (K.W), Zero Inertia (Z.I) and Full Hydrodynamic (F.H) approach. The Models are the most suitable for the field conditions oncountered in the study.
In this study, surface irrigation systems which are furrow, basin and border irrigation layout determination was purposed and flow parameters were obtained. Results were compared the models which are developed in subjects were Kinematic Wave (K.W), Zero Inertia (Z.I) and Full Hydrodynamic models.Flow tests observed in furrow for infiltration inflow rate were 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 L/s. Net infiltration times were 205, 159 and 117 minutes for inflow rate 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 L/s respectively. Determinations of the furrow length using square rule for net infiltration times were found from ¼ times net infiltration time and advance curve using. This application results furrow length were 86.6, 92.5 ve 97.3 m for the inflow rates 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 L/s respectively. The models were applied to all events, and it was found that the furrow lengths were 92.3, 98.5 and 111.1 m for the models inflow rate 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 L/s respectively.Basin irrigation in 13x25m layout and 1 L/s/m inflow rate event was performed. Basin area was found from the graphics which was plotted in conditions of width/length rate would be 1/2, irrigation efficiency %80, and 103mm irrigation water dept. Length of the basin was determined using the graphics input data for inflow rate and irrigation time.Borders Lengths were determined as 94.0 m, 102.4 and 118.7 m for inflow rate 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 L/s/m from field data. Predicted border lengths using the models for the same inflow rate were 89.5 m, 111.2m and 114.6 m respectively.Data obtained from the field for determining the layout of the surface irrigation methods was compared the models based on Kinematic wave (K.W), Zero Inertia (Z.I) and Full Hydrodynamic (F.H) approach. The Models are the most suitable for the field conditions oncountered in the study.
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