Publication: İntrakraniyal Kitle Cerrahisi Uygulanan Hastalarda %3 Hipertonik Salin ve %20 Mannitol Kullanımının Kafa İçi Basıncına Etkisinin Optik Sinir Kılıf Çapı Ölçümü İle Karşılaştırılması
Abstract
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, intrakraniyal kitle cerrahisi geçirecek hastalarda kliniğimizde rutin olarak kullanılan %3 hipertonik salin ve %20 mannitol kullanımının kafa içi basıncı üzerine olan etkilerini ultrasonografi ile ölçülen optik sinir kılıf çapı ölçümü ile karşılaştırmaktır. Bunun yanı sıra hem %3 hipertonik salin hem de %20 mannitol tedavilerinin hemodinamik parametreler, elektrolit ve arter kan gazı değerleri, idrar çıkışı ve santral venöz basınç değerleri üzerine olan etkilerini gözlemlemeyi amaçladık. Yöntem: Prospektif gözlemsel olan çalışmamız, Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi'nde elektif intrakraniyal kitle cerrahisi geçirecek 18-65 yaş arası, ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) skoru I-III, klinik veya radyolojik olarak artmış intrakraniyal basınç bulgusu olan, preoperatif Glasgow koma skoru > 13 olan toplam 60 hasta üzerinde yürütüldü. Hastalar tedavisinde %3 hipertonik salin ve %20 mannitol kullanılanlar arasından belirlendi ve 30'ar kişilik 2 gruba ayrıldı. Bulgular: Demografik veriler ve operasyon süresi açısından gruplar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark saptanmadı. Belirli zamanlardaki hemodinamik parametreler karşılaştırıldığında; gruplar arası kalp atım hızları açısından anlamlı farklılık saptanmazken, indüksiyon sonrası 60. dakika ortalama arter basınç değeri %20 mannitol grubunda anlamlı olarak daha yüksek, indüksiyon sonrası 10. dakika, 120. dakika, 150. dakika, cerrahi sonu periferik oksijen satürasyonu (SpO2) değerleri ise %3 hipertonik salin grubunda anlamlı olarak daha yüksek bulundu. Gruplar arasında idrar miktarları ve santral venöz basınç değerleri açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık saptanmadı. Belirli zamanlardaki elektrolit değerleri karşılaştırıldığında; gruplar arası serum sodyum değeri hiperosmotik ajan verildikten 1 saat sonra anlamlı olarak daha yüksek, serum klor değeri, hiperosmotik ajan verildikten 1 saat sonra ve cerrahi sonunda anlamlı olarak daha yüksek bulunurken, serum potasyum değerleri arasında anlamlı fark saptanmadı. Serum laktat değerleri açısından da gruplar arasında anlamlı fark saptanmadı. Sağ göz ve sol göz için ayrı ayrı ölçümler yapıldı ve her iki tedavi grubu arasında indüksiyondan önce, indüksiyondan sonra, hiperosmotik sıvı bitiminden sonra ve cerrahi sonunda ölçülen vertikal, horizontal ve ortalama optik sinir kılıf çapı değerleri açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark saptanmadı. Ancak her iki grupta da cerrahi sonu optik sinir kılıf çapı ölçümlerinin başlangıç değerlerine göre azaldığı görüldü. Sonuç: Hem %3 hipertonik salinin hem de %20 mannitolün intrakraniyal basıncı azaltmada etkili olduğunu ve klinik olarak benzer etkileri olduğunu gözlemledik. Her iki ajanın da hemodinamik açıdan benzer sonuçlara yol açtığını, idrar miktarları ve santral venöz basınç değerleri açısından da her iki ajan arasında anlamlı fark olmadığını bulduk. Bu bulgulara dayanarak intrakraniyal basıncın düşürülmesinde %3 hipertonik salin solüsyonunun %20 mannitole alternatif tedavi yöntemi olarak kullanılabileceği ve klinik pratikte ajan seçiminin hastanın mevcut klinik durumu, hemodinamik özellikleri, elektrolit dengesi, böbrek fonksiyonları ve eşlik eden hastalıkları göz önüne alınarak yapılması gerektiği sonucuna ulaştık.
Background: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of 3% hypertonic saline and 20% mannitol, which are routinely used in our clinic, on intracranial pressure in patients undergoing intracranial mass surgery with the measurement of optic nerve sheath diameter measured by ultrasonography. In addition, we aimed to observe the effects of both 3% hypertonic saline and 20% mannitol on hemodynamic parameters, electrolyte and arterial blood gas values, urine output and central venous pressure values. Methods: Our prospective observational study was conducted on a total of 60 patients aged 18-65 years, with ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) score I-III, clinical or radiologic evidence of increased intracranial pressure, and preoperative Glasgow coma score > 13, who were undergoing elective intracranial mass surgery at Ondokuz Mayıs University Medical Faculty Hospital. Patients were selected among those who were treated with 3% hypertonic saline and 20% mannitol and divided into 2 groups of 30 patients each. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of demographic data and duration of operation. When hemodynamic parameters at certain times were compared, there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of heart rate, mean arterial pressure at 60 minutes after induction was significantly higher in the 20% mannitol group, and peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) values at 10 minutes, 120 minutes, 150 minutes and end of surgery were significantly higher in the 3% hypertonic saline group. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of urine volume and central venous pressure values. When electrolyte values at certain times were compared, serum sodium value was significantly higher 1 hour after hyperosmotic agent administration, serum chlorine value was significantly higher 1 hour after hyperosmotic agent administration and at the end of surgery, while no significant difference was found between serum potassium values. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of serum lactate values. Separate measurements were made for the right eye and the left eye and no statistically significant difference was found between the two treatment groups in terms of vertical, horizontal and mean optic nerve sheath diameter values measured before induction, after induction, after the end of hyperosmotic fluid and at the end of surgery. However, there was no statistically significant difference between the end of surgery optic nerve sheath diameter measurements and baseline values in both groups. Conclusions: We observed that both 3% hypertonic saline and 20% mannitol were effective in reducing intracranial pressure and had clinically similar effects. We found that both agents caused similar hemodynamic results and there was no significant difference between the two agents in terms of urine volume and central venous pressure values. Based on these findings, we concluded that 3% hypertonic saline solution can be used as an alternative treatment method to 20% mannitol in the reduction of intracranial pressure and the choice of agent in clinical practice should be made by considering the patient's current clinical status, hemodynamic characteristics, electrolyte balance, renal function and comorbidities.
Background: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of 3% hypertonic saline and 20% mannitol, which are routinely used in our clinic, on intracranial pressure in patients undergoing intracranial mass surgery with the measurement of optic nerve sheath diameter measured by ultrasonography. In addition, we aimed to observe the effects of both 3% hypertonic saline and 20% mannitol on hemodynamic parameters, electrolyte and arterial blood gas values, urine output and central venous pressure values. Methods: Our prospective observational study was conducted on a total of 60 patients aged 18-65 years, with ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) score I-III, clinical or radiologic evidence of increased intracranial pressure, and preoperative Glasgow coma score > 13, who were undergoing elective intracranial mass surgery at Ondokuz Mayıs University Medical Faculty Hospital. Patients were selected among those who were treated with 3% hypertonic saline and 20% mannitol and divided into 2 groups of 30 patients each. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of demographic data and duration of operation. When hemodynamic parameters at certain times were compared, there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of heart rate, mean arterial pressure at 60 minutes after induction was significantly higher in the 20% mannitol group, and peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) values at 10 minutes, 120 minutes, 150 minutes and end of surgery were significantly higher in the 3% hypertonic saline group. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of urine volume and central venous pressure values. When electrolyte values at certain times were compared, serum sodium value was significantly higher 1 hour after hyperosmotic agent administration, serum chlorine value was significantly higher 1 hour after hyperosmotic agent administration and at the end of surgery, while no significant difference was found between serum potassium values. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of serum lactate values. Separate measurements were made for the right eye and the left eye and no statistically significant difference was found between the two treatment groups in terms of vertical, horizontal and mean optic nerve sheath diameter values measured before induction, after induction, after the end of hyperosmotic fluid and at the end of surgery. However, there was no statistically significant difference between the end of surgery optic nerve sheath diameter measurements and baseline values in both groups. Conclusions: We observed that both 3% hypertonic saline and 20% mannitol were effective in reducing intracranial pressure and had clinically similar effects. We found that both agents caused similar hemodynamic results and there was no significant difference between the two agents in terms of urine volume and central venous pressure values. Based on these findings, we concluded that 3% hypertonic saline solution can be used as an alternative treatment method to 20% mannitol in the reduction of intracranial pressure and the choice of agent in clinical practice should be made by considering the patient's current clinical status, hemodynamic characteristics, electrolyte balance, renal function and comorbidities.
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