Publication: Orta Anadolu Koşullarında Macar Fiği+Tahıl Karışımlarının ve Arkasından Ekilen Silajlık Mısırın Verim ve Kalitesinin Belirlenmesi
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Bu araştırma Yozgat ekolojik koşullarında macar fiği (Vicia pannonica Crantz) ile arpa (Hordeum vulgare L.), buğday (Triticum aestivum L.) ve tritikalenin (Triticosecale Wittmack) farklı karışım oranlarında (100:0 70:30, 60:40, 50:50 ve 40:60) ekilmesi ve 2 farklı olum döneminde (çiçeklenme ve süt olum dönemi) hasat edilmesi ile peşine ekilen silajlık mısırın verim ve kalitesinin belirlenmesi amacıyla 2013-2014 ve 2014-2015 yıllarında yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada macar fiği + tahıl karışımlarının, botanik kompozisyon, bitki boyu, kuru ot verimi, ham protein oranı, ham protein verimi, ham kül oranı, ADF, NDF oranı ve makro besin elementleri içeriği (K, P, Ca ve Mg), silajlık mısırda ise, bitki boyu, gövde çapı, koçan sayısı ve koçan ağırlığı, yaprak sayısı, yaprak/gövde oranı, kuru ot verimi, ham protein oranı, ham protein verimi, ham kül oranı, ADF, NDF oranı ve makro besin elementleri içeriği (K, P, Ca ve Mg) gibi özellikler incelenmiştir. Deneme bölünmüş parseller deneme desenine göre 4 tekrarlamalı olarak kurulmuştur. Macar fiği + tahıl karşımlarının hasat işlemi tahıllar baz alınarak, çiçeklenme ve süt olum devresinde, yalın macar fiği hasadı çiçeklenme ve alt baklaların oluştuğu dönemde olmak üzere 2 farklı zamanda, silajlık mısırın hasadı ise hamur olum döneminde yapılmıştır. Birleştirilmiş sonuçlara göre yıllık toplam kuru ot ve ham protein verimi en yüksek çiçeklenme zamanında biçilen % 70MF+30A işlemi ve üzerine ekilen silajlık mısırdan (sırasıyla 3244.66 ve 313.16 kg/da), en düşük ise ikinci ekim zamanında anız parseli üzerine ekilen silajlık mısırdan (sırasıyla 1952.84 ve 144.63 kg/da) elde edilmiştir. Ot fiyatı ve otun kemikli ete dönüşümü (1.8 kg/protein= 1 kg kemikli et) esasına dayanan karlılık analizlerinde en yüksek kar, yine birinci biçim % 70MF+30A işleminden sırasıyla 1729.13 ve 4783.14 TL/da olarak belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak Orta Anadolu koşullarında macar fiği ve arpanın 70:30 oranıyla ekilmesi ve arpanın çiçeklenme döneminde biçiminin hem karışım hem de arkasından ekilecek silajlık mısırın verim, kalite ve ekonomik getirisi açısından en uygun işlem olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
This study was conducted to determine some yield and quality characteristics of silage corn after Hungarian vetch (Vicia pannonica Crantz) intercropping with barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and triticale (Triticosecale Wittmack) sown at different mixture rates (100:0 70:30, 60:40, 50:50 and 40:60) and cut at the flowering and milk dough stages in the ecological condition of Yozgat during 2013-2014 and 2014-2015 growing seasons. In the Hungarain vetch + cereals mixtures; botanical composition, plant height, hay yield, crude protein ratio, crude protein yield, crude ash ratio, ADF, NDF ratio and mineral content (K, P, Ca and Mg) were determined while in silage corn; plant height, stem diameter, number of ear and ear weight, number of leaf, leaf/stem ratio, hay yield, crude protein ratio, crude protein yield, crude ash ratio, ADF, NDF ratio and macro nutrients (K, P, Ca and Mg) were investigated. The experiments were arranged in split plot design with four replications. Hungarian vetch + cereals mixtures were harvested based on cereal that flowering and milk dough stage. Alone Hungarian vetch was harvested at flowering period and exact shape formation period of seeds in the bottom pods and silage corn was harvested at milk dough stage. According to combined results the highest annual total hay and crude protein yield were obtained from the 'Hungarian vetch + barley mixture with 70:30% seed rate cutting at flowering stage' and fallowed by 'silage corn' (3244.66 and 313.16 kg/da respectively) while they were the lowest in 'silage corn' sowing over the fallow at the second sowing time (1952.84 and 144.63 kg/da respectively) Profitability analysis was pereformed in two way; hay price and meat conversion of hay (1.8 kg/protein= 1 kg boned meat). The maximum profit was obtained from 'Hungarian vetch + barley mixture with 70:30% seed and first cutting time' treatment as 1729.13 TL/da and 4783.14 TL/da respectively based on 'hay price' and 'meat conversion of hay' methods. . As a result, 'Hungarian vetch + barley mixture with 70:30% seed rate and cutting at flowering stage of barley' may be the most appropriate treatment for both Hungarian vetch + cereal mixtures and silage corn in terms of yield, quality and economic return in Middle Anatolian conditions.
This study was conducted to determine some yield and quality characteristics of silage corn after Hungarian vetch (Vicia pannonica Crantz) intercropping with barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and triticale (Triticosecale Wittmack) sown at different mixture rates (100:0 70:30, 60:40, 50:50 and 40:60) and cut at the flowering and milk dough stages in the ecological condition of Yozgat during 2013-2014 and 2014-2015 growing seasons. In the Hungarain vetch + cereals mixtures; botanical composition, plant height, hay yield, crude protein ratio, crude protein yield, crude ash ratio, ADF, NDF ratio and mineral content (K, P, Ca and Mg) were determined while in silage corn; plant height, stem diameter, number of ear and ear weight, number of leaf, leaf/stem ratio, hay yield, crude protein ratio, crude protein yield, crude ash ratio, ADF, NDF ratio and macro nutrients (K, P, Ca and Mg) were investigated. The experiments were arranged in split plot design with four replications. Hungarian vetch + cereals mixtures were harvested based on cereal that flowering and milk dough stage. Alone Hungarian vetch was harvested at flowering period and exact shape formation period of seeds in the bottom pods and silage corn was harvested at milk dough stage. According to combined results the highest annual total hay and crude protein yield were obtained from the 'Hungarian vetch + barley mixture with 70:30% seed rate cutting at flowering stage' and fallowed by 'silage corn' (3244.66 and 313.16 kg/da respectively) while they were the lowest in 'silage corn' sowing over the fallow at the second sowing time (1952.84 and 144.63 kg/da respectively) Profitability analysis was pereformed in two way; hay price and meat conversion of hay (1.8 kg/protein= 1 kg boned meat). The maximum profit was obtained from 'Hungarian vetch + barley mixture with 70:30% seed and first cutting time' treatment as 1729.13 TL/da and 4783.14 TL/da respectively based on 'hay price' and 'meat conversion of hay' methods. . As a result, 'Hungarian vetch + barley mixture with 70:30% seed rate and cutting at flowering stage of barley' may be the most appropriate treatment for both Hungarian vetch + cereal mixtures and silage corn in terms of yield, quality and economic return in Middle Anatolian conditions.
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Tez (doktora) -- Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, 2016
Libra Kayıt No: 90139
Libra Kayıt No: 90139
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