Publication: Farklı Lokasyonlarda Üretimi Yapılan Kenevir (Cannabis Sativa Spp) Bitkisinde Çevre Genotip İnteraksiyonunun Tespiti
Abstract
Kenevir konusundaki; karlılık , farklı yıllarda hasat edilen kenevir tohumlarının bazı fiziksel özelliklerinin belirlenmesi ,bitki besin elementlerinin kenevir bitkisinde lif tohum verim ve kalite değerleri üzerine etkisi gibi farklı konularda çalışmalar yapılmış olup tez konusu çalışma da yerel bir araştırma bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışmada ;ayrıca seçilmiş yerel genotiplerin lif verimleri yabancı ülkelerde tescil edilmiş çeşitlerle karşılaştırılmasına olanak vermiştir Yapılan bu çalışma seçilmiş yerel genotiplerin farklı iklim ve toprak şartlarındaki performanslarının yabancı ülkelerde tescil edilmiş çeşitlerle karşılaştırılması imkanını sağlamıştır.. Mass seleksiyon yöntemi ile THC (esrar) oranı azaltılmış genotiplerin tohumlarındaki yağ oranı, protein oranı ve yağ asitleri kompozisyonu değerlerinin yabancı ülkelerde tescil edilmiş çeşitlerle karşılaştırılması yapılmış ayrıca endüstriyel kenevir çeşitlerinin çevre X genotip interaksiyonlarını tespit ederek en uygun ekolojilerde tarıma kazandırmak ve çıktılarını yaygınlaştırma sağlanacaktır. Kenevir tarımı konusunda taraflar arası iletişimi sağlamak, THC oranı azaltılmış çeşitleri tarıma kazandırarak üretimi teşvik ederek Tarım ve Orman Bakanlığımızın Politikalarına destek olunacaktır. Son yıllarda tüm dünyada olduğu gibi ülkemizde de yaşanılan pandemi etkisi kaynak kullanımındaki tercihlerin değişmesi sentetik liflerden tüketicilerin doğal ve güvenilir üretim materyallerine yönelmesini sağlamıştır. Sosyal medya ve basında gündem teşkil eden kenevir ile ilgili bilimsel altyapısı olan istatistiksel olarak farklılığı tespit edilmiş çeşitlerin yetiştiriciliğinin yaygınlaştırılması ürün değil ham madde olan kenevirin tohumundan lifinden ve diğer farklı kısımlarından yararlanılması önem arz etmektedir Bu çalışma ile 3 farklı lokasyonda Tokat merkez Samsun Çarşamba ve Samsun Vezirköprü'de 11 genotip 7 farklı çeşit olmak üzere toplam 18 genotipte kurulan denemenin Tokat ekimi 26 Nisan 2022'de gerçekleştirilmiştir. 27 Haziran 2022 de üst gübre olarak Amonyum sülfat 20 kg/ da uygulanmıştır. Samsun ekimleri ise 28 Nisan 2022 de gerçekleştirilmiş olup üst gübre olarak yine Amonyum sülfat ve 20 kg/ da olacak biçimde 28 Mayıs 2022 de uygulanmıştır. Erken ve geç iki farklı zamanda yapılan hasatlarda geç hasatlarda tohum verimi de irdelenmiştir . Hasat tarihleri; Tokat 05.09.2022 Vezirköprü: 06.09.2022 Çarşamba 12.09.2022 Geç hasatlar ise Tokat 12.11.2022, Vezirköprü 11.11.2022 Çarşamba 13.11.2022 de tohum amaçlı yapılmıştır. İklim verilerinde Samsun Çarşamba lokasyonu en fazla yağış alırken nem oranı en yüksek lokasyon olup , üretim sezonunda sıcaklık ortalamaları birbirine yakın ve Tokat Başçiflik biraz yüksek değerdedir. Yapılan istatistiki değerlendirme de Tokat lokasyonunda bitki boyu , sap kalınlığı ,dişi bitki oranı ,tohum verimi , yağ ve protein oranı bakımından diğer lokasyonlardan yüksek veriler alınmıştır. Tohum veriminde en düşük veri ise Samsun lokasyonundan alınmıştır. Lif veriminde ise lokasyonlara göre veriler incelendiğinde Tokat Başçiflik ten alınan bitkilerin lif ve sap verimleri diğer çevrelerden daha yüksektir alınmıştır. Anahtar Sözcükler: Kenevir, Çevre, Genotip, Verim, Lokasyon
Regarding hemp; Studies have been conducted on different subjects such as profitability, determination of some physical properties of hemp seeds harvested in different years, the effect of plant nutrients on fiber seed yield and quality values in hemp plants, but there is no local research in the study subject of the thesis. This study also allowed the fiber yields of selected local genotypes to be compared with varieties registered in foreign countries. This study provided the opportunity to compare the performances of selected local genotypes in different climate and soil conditions with varieties registered in foreign countries. With the mass selection method, the oil ratio, protein ratio and fatty acid composition values in the seeds of genotypes with reduced THC (marijuana) content have been compared with varieties registered in foreign countries. Additionally, by detecting the environment Policies of our Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry will be supported by ensuring communication between parties on hemp farming and encouraging production by introducing varieties with reduced THC content into agriculture. In recent years, the pandemic effect experienced in our country, as well as all over the world, and the change in preferences in resource use have caused consumers to turn from synthetic fibers to natural and reliable production materials. It is important to popularize the cultivation of statistically different varieties with a scientific background regarding hemp, which is on the agenda in social media and the press, and to benefit from the seed, fiber and other different parts of hemp, which is not a product but a raw material. With this study, the Tokat planting of the trial, which was established in 3 different locations in Tokat center, Samsun Çarşamba and Samsun Vezirköprü, with a total of 18 genotypes, 11 genotypes and 7 different varieties, was carried out on April 26, 2022. On June 27, 2022, Ammonium sulfate was applied at 20 kg/da as top fertilizer. Samsun planting was carried out on April 28, 2022, and Ammonium sulfate was applied as top fertilizer at 20 kg/da on May 28, 2022. Seed yield in late harvests was also examined in early and late harvests at two different times. Harvest dates; Tokat 05.09.2022 Vezirköprü: 06.09.2022 Wednesday 12.09.2022 Late harvests were made for seed purposes in Tokat 12.11.2022, Vezirköprü 11.11.2022 Wednesday 13.11.2022. In climate data, Samsun Çarşamba location receives the most rainfall and has the highest humidity rate. During the production season, temperature averages are close to each other and Tokat Başçiflik is slightly higher. In the statistical evaluation, higher data were obtained from other locations in terms of plant height, stem thickness, female plant ratio, seed yield, oil and protein ratio in Tokat location. The lowest data on seed yield was taken from Samsun location. Regarding fiber yield, when the data were examined by location, the fiber and stem yields of plants taken from Tokat Başçiflik were higher than those from other environments. Key Words: Hemp, Environment, Genotype, Yield, Location
Regarding hemp; Studies have been conducted on different subjects such as profitability, determination of some physical properties of hemp seeds harvested in different years, the effect of plant nutrients on fiber seed yield and quality values in hemp plants, but there is no local research in the study subject of the thesis. This study also allowed the fiber yields of selected local genotypes to be compared with varieties registered in foreign countries. This study provided the opportunity to compare the performances of selected local genotypes in different climate and soil conditions with varieties registered in foreign countries. With the mass selection method, the oil ratio, protein ratio and fatty acid composition values in the seeds of genotypes with reduced THC (marijuana) content have been compared with varieties registered in foreign countries. Additionally, by detecting the environment Policies of our Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry will be supported by ensuring communication between parties on hemp farming and encouraging production by introducing varieties with reduced THC content into agriculture. In recent years, the pandemic effect experienced in our country, as well as all over the world, and the change in preferences in resource use have caused consumers to turn from synthetic fibers to natural and reliable production materials. It is important to popularize the cultivation of statistically different varieties with a scientific background regarding hemp, which is on the agenda in social media and the press, and to benefit from the seed, fiber and other different parts of hemp, which is not a product but a raw material. With this study, the Tokat planting of the trial, which was established in 3 different locations in Tokat center, Samsun Çarşamba and Samsun Vezirköprü, with a total of 18 genotypes, 11 genotypes and 7 different varieties, was carried out on April 26, 2022. On June 27, 2022, Ammonium sulfate was applied at 20 kg/da as top fertilizer. Samsun planting was carried out on April 28, 2022, and Ammonium sulfate was applied as top fertilizer at 20 kg/da on May 28, 2022. Seed yield in late harvests was also examined in early and late harvests at two different times. Harvest dates; Tokat 05.09.2022 Vezirköprü: 06.09.2022 Wednesday 12.09.2022 Late harvests were made for seed purposes in Tokat 12.11.2022, Vezirköprü 11.11.2022 Wednesday 13.11.2022. In climate data, Samsun Çarşamba location receives the most rainfall and has the highest humidity rate. During the production season, temperature averages are close to each other and Tokat Başçiflik is slightly higher. In the statistical evaluation, higher data were obtained from other locations in terms of plant height, stem thickness, female plant ratio, seed yield, oil and protein ratio in Tokat location. The lowest data on seed yield was taken from Samsun location. Regarding fiber yield, when the data were examined by location, the fiber and stem yields of plants taken from Tokat Başçiflik were higher than those from other environments. Key Words: Hemp, Environment, Genotype, Yield, Location
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