Publication: Çocuk Hastanesine Akut Böbrek Hasarı İle Başvuran Hastalarda Renal Anjina İndeksinin Prognozu Belirlemedeki Rolü: Klinik ve Laboratuvar Bulguların Değerlendirilmesi
Abstract
Amaç: Pediatrik Akut Böbrek Hasarı (ABH) tanısı alan hastalarda Renal Anjina İndeksi'nin (RAİ) prognozu öngörmedeki etkinliğini değerlendirmek ve yüksek riskli hastaların erken tanımlanmasına katkısını araştırmaktır. Materyal ve Metot: Ocak 2021 ile Aralık 2022 tarihleri arasında Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Çocuk Hastanesine ABH tanısıyla başvuran toplam 221 hasta çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Çalışmaya katılım kriterleri, serum kreatinin düzeyinin 1 mg/dL'nin üzerinde olması, en az üç kez serum kreatinin ölçümü yapılmış olması ve yaş aralığının 1 ay ile 18 yaş arasında olması şeklinde belirlenmiştir. Kronik böbrek yetmezliği tanısı olan ya da eksik laboratuvar verilerine sahip hastalar çalışmadan dışlanmıştır. RAİ, kreatinin değişimi ve hasta durum skorlarının çarpımı ile hesaplanmış, ardından hastalar RAİ >8 (yüksek risk) ve RAİ ≤8 (düşük risk) olmak üzere iki gruba ayrılmıştır. Çalışmada, hastaların demografik özellikleri, klinik seyirleri ve laboratuvar sonuçları ayrıntılı olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil edilen 221 hastanın %15,4'ü RAİ >8 , %84,6'sı RAİ ≤8 grubunda yer almıştır. RAİ >8 grubunda mortalite oranı (%88,2) ve diyaliz gereksinimi (%38,7) anlamlı şekilde yüksek bulunurken, taburculuk glomerüler filtrasyon hızı ve albümin düzeyleri düşük, kreatinin ve kan üre azotu seviyeleri ise yüksek saptanmıştır (p<0,001). RAİ ≤8 grubundaki hastalarda iyileşme oranı (%89,1) belirgin olarak daha yüksektir. Sonuç: Sonuç olarak, RAİ >8 olan hastalarda yüksek mortalite oranları (%88,2), düşük iyileşme oranları (%14,3), kötüleşmiş böbrek fonksiyonları ve artmış diyaliz gereksinimi gösterilmiştir. Ayrıca, bu grupta yoğun bakım yatış süreleri anlamlı şekilde uzamıştır. Bu sonuçlar, RAİ'nin yüksek riskli hastaları tanımlamada ve klinik karar süreçlerinde etkin bir araç olabileceğini ortaya koymaktadır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Akut Böbrek Hasarı (ABH), Renal Anjina İndeksi (RAİ), Prognoz, Diyaliz gereksinimi
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the Renal Angina Index (RAI) in predicting prognosis in pediatric patients diagnosed with Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) and to investigate its contribution to the early identification of high-risk patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 221 patients who were admitted to Ondokuz Mayıs University Faculty of Medicine Pediatric Hospital with a diagnosis of AKI between January 2021 and December 2022 were included in the study. Inclusion criteria were defined as serum creatinine levels above 1 mg/dL, having at least three serum creatinine measurements, and being between 1 month and 18 years of age. Patients with chronic kidney disease or insufficient laboratory data were excluded. The RAI was calculated by multiplying the creatinine change score and the patient condition score, and patients were classified into two groups: RAI >8 (high-risk group) and RAI ≤8 (low-risk group). Demographic characteristics, clinical courses, and laboratory findings of the patients were comprehensively evaluated. Results: Of the 221 patients included in the study, 15.4% were classified as RAI >8 and 84.6% as RAI ≤8. In the RAI >8 group, mortality rate (88.2%) and dialysis requirement (38.7%) were significantly higher, while discharge glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and albumin levels were lower, and creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels were higher (p<0.001). The recovery rate in the RAI ≤8 group was significantly higher (89.1%). Conclusion: In patients with RAI >8, higher mortality rates (88.2%), lower recovery rates (14.3%), impaired renal function, and increased dialysis requirements were demonstrated. Additionally, prolonged intensive care unit stays were observed in this group. These findings suggest that RAI can be an effective tool for identifying high-risk patients and guiding clinical decision-making processes. Keywords: Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), Renal Angina Index (RAI), Prognosis, Dialysis Requirement
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the Renal Angina Index (RAI) in predicting prognosis in pediatric patients diagnosed with Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) and to investigate its contribution to the early identification of high-risk patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 221 patients who were admitted to Ondokuz Mayıs University Faculty of Medicine Pediatric Hospital with a diagnosis of AKI between January 2021 and December 2022 were included in the study. Inclusion criteria were defined as serum creatinine levels above 1 mg/dL, having at least three serum creatinine measurements, and being between 1 month and 18 years of age. Patients with chronic kidney disease or insufficient laboratory data were excluded. The RAI was calculated by multiplying the creatinine change score and the patient condition score, and patients were classified into two groups: RAI >8 (high-risk group) and RAI ≤8 (low-risk group). Demographic characteristics, clinical courses, and laboratory findings of the patients were comprehensively evaluated. Results: Of the 221 patients included in the study, 15.4% were classified as RAI >8 and 84.6% as RAI ≤8. In the RAI >8 group, mortality rate (88.2%) and dialysis requirement (38.7%) were significantly higher, while discharge glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and albumin levels were lower, and creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels were higher (p<0.001). The recovery rate in the RAI ≤8 group was significantly higher (89.1%). Conclusion: In patients with RAI >8, higher mortality rates (88.2%), lower recovery rates (14.3%), impaired renal function, and increased dialysis requirements were demonstrated. Additionally, prolonged intensive care unit stays were observed in this group. These findings suggest that RAI can be an effective tool for identifying high-risk patients and guiding clinical decision-making processes. Keywords: Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), Renal Angina Index (RAI), Prognosis, Dialysis Requirement
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