Publication: Psikolojik İhtiyaç Doyumu İle İyi Oluş Arasında Akademik Öz-Yeterlik, Akademik Motivasyon ve Akış Yaşantılarının Aracı Rolü
Abstract
İyi oluş anlamak ve açıklamaya çalışmak pozitif psikolojinin üzerinde durduğu önemli çalışma alanlarından biridir. İyi oluşu meydana getiren öznel, psikolojik ve sosyal unsurların neler olduğunu ortaya koymaya çalışan pek çok araştırma yapılmıştır. Ancak öğrencilerin iyi oluşunu açıklamada bu unsurların yanı sıra akademik sürecin de önemli olduğu düşünülerek, bu araştırmada üniversite öğrencilerinin iyi oluşun açıklanmasında akademik kavramlar üzerinde durulmuştur. Bunun için bu araştırmada, üniversite öğrencilerinde iyi oluşun akış kuramının ilkeleri doğrultusunda psikolojik ihtiyaç doyumu, akademik öz-yeterlik, akademik motivasyon ve akış yaşantıları değişkenleriyle açıklanması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, araştırma Atatürk Üniversitesi'nin çeşitli fakültelerinde eğitimine devam eden ve küme örnekleme yöntemiyle ulaşılan 1535 lisans öğrencisi üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak Psikolojik İhtiyaç Doyumunda Denge Ölçeği, Akademik Öz-Yeterlik Ölçeği, Akademik Motivasyon Ölçeği, Akış Yaşantıları Ölçeği ve PERMA İyi Oluş Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırma ilişkisel modele göre düzenlenmiş olup Hayes'in önermiş olduğu Model 80'e uygun olarak tasarlanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda elde edilen bulgulara göre, korelasyon analizi sonuçları, iyi oluş ile özerklik, yeterlik, ilişkili olma, akademik öz-yeterlik, akademik motivasyon ve akış yaşantıları arasında orta düzeyde ve pozitif yönlü anlamlı ilişkiler olduğunu göstermiştir. Yapısal modele ilişkin bulgular, psikolojik ihtiyaç doyumunun bileşenleri olan özerklik, yeterlik ve ilişkili olma ile iyi oluş arasındaki ilişkide akademik öz-yeterlik, akademik motivasyon ve akış yaşantılarının dolaylı etkisinin anlamlı olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Bununla birlikte özerklik, yeterlik ve ilişkili olmanın iyi oluş üzerinde doğrudan, akademik öz-yeterlik, akademik motivasyon ve akış yaşantıları aracılığıyla pozitif yönlü anlamlı yordayıcı etkisinin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Özerklik modelinin iyi oluştaki varyansın %36'sını, yeterlik modelinin iyi oluştaki varyansın %35'ini ve ilişkili olma modelinin iyi oluştaki varyansın %39'unu açıkladığı görülmüştür. Bu araştırma sonucunda elde edilen bulgular akış kuramı doğrultusunda önerilen hipotez modellerin doğrulandığını ortaya koymuştur. Araştırma sonucunda elde edilen bulgular, akış ve öz-belirleme kuramı ile ilgili araştırmalar doğrultusunda yorumlanmış ve araştırmacılara, uygulayıcılara ve politika yapıcılara yönelik öneriler sunulmuştur.
Understanding and attempting to explain well-being is an important area of study on which positive psychology focuses. Many research findings attempt to reveal the subjective, psychological, and social dimensions of well-being. However, since the academic process is also important for explaining the well-being of students, this study focuses on academic concepts for explaining the well-being of university students. For this reason, this study aimed to explain the well-being of university students with the variables of psychological needs satisfaction, academic self-efficacy, academic motivation, and flow experiences following the principles of flow theory. To this end, the research was conducted on 1535 undergraduate students who were studying in various faculties of the University of Ataturk and was achieved through the cluster sampling method. In the research, the Balance in Psychological Needs Satisfaction Scale, the Academic Self-Efficacy Scale, the Academic Motivation Scale, the Flow Experiences Scale, and the PERMA Well-Being Scale were used as data collection tools. The research was organized according to the correlational model and designed by the Model 80 proposed by Hayes. As a result of the research, correlation analysis showed that there are moderate and positive significant relationships between well-being and autonomy, competence, relatedness, academic self-efficacy, academic motivation, and flow experiences. The structural model revealed that the indirect effects of academic self-efficacy, academic motivation, and flow experiences were significant on the relationship between autonomy, competence, and relatedness, which are the components of psychological need satisfaction, and well-being. Besides, autonomy, competence, and relatedness have been determined to have a direct, positive, and significant predictive effect on well-being through academic self-efficacy, academic motivation, and flow experiences. The autonomy model predicts 36% of the variance in well-being, the competence model predicts 35% of the variance in well-being, and the relatedness model predicts 39% of the variance in well-being. The results of this research revealed that all the hypothetical models proposed in line with the flow theory have been confirmed. The results of the research were interpreted in line with the research on flow and self-determination theory, and suggestions for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers were presented.
Understanding and attempting to explain well-being is an important area of study on which positive psychology focuses. Many research findings attempt to reveal the subjective, psychological, and social dimensions of well-being. However, since the academic process is also important for explaining the well-being of students, this study focuses on academic concepts for explaining the well-being of university students. For this reason, this study aimed to explain the well-being of university students with the variables of psychological needs satisfaction, academic self-efficacy, academic motivation, and flow experiences following the principles of flow theory. To this end, the research was conducted on 1535 undergraduate students who were studying in various faculties of the University of Ataturk and was achieved through the cluster sampling method. In the research, the Balance in Psychological Needs Satisfaction Scale, the Academic Self-Efficacy Scale, the Academic Motivation Scale, the Flow Experiences Scale, and the PERMA Well-Being Scale were used as data collection tools. The research was organized according to the correlational model and designed by the Model 80 proposed by Hayes. As a result of the research, correlation analysis showed that there are moderate and positive significant relationships between well-being and autonomy, competence, relatedness, academic self-efficacy, academic motivation, and flow experiences. The structural model revealed that the indirect effects of academic self-efficacy, academic motivation, and flow experiences were significant on the relationship between autonomy, competence, and relatedness, which are the components of psychological need satisfaction, and well-being. Besides, autonomy, competence, and relatedness have been determined to have a direct, positive, and significant predictive effect on well-being through academic self-efficacy, academic motivation, and flow experiences. The autonomy model predicts 36% of the variance in well-being, the competence model predicts 35% of the variance in well-being, and the relatedness model predicts 39% of the variance in well-being. The results of this research revealed that all the hypothetical models proposed in line with the flow theory have been confirmed. The results of the research were interpreted in line with the research on flow and self-determination theory, and suggestions for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers were presented.
Description
Keywords
Eğitim ve Öğretim, Psikoloji, Akademik Öz Yeterlilik, Akış, Motivasyon, Psikolojik İhtiyaçlar, Psikolojik İyi Oluş, Öz Yeterlilik, Üniversite Öğrencileri, İhtiyaç Doyumu, Education and Training, Psychology, Academic Self-Efficacy, Flow, Motivation, Psychological Needs, Psychological Well-Being, Self-Efficacy, University Students, Need Satisfaction
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WoS Q
Scopus Q
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208
