Publication: Cumhuriyet'e Geçiş Döneminde Hat Sanatı
Abstract
Hat Sanatı, İslamiyet‟in ilk yüzyıllarından itibaren hattatların katkılarıyla gelişimini sürdürmekle birlikte, Osmanlı Döneminde hızlı bir dönüşüm evresine girmiştir. Şeyh Hamdullah ile başlayan bu dönem, 19. yy.‟da Osmanlı hattatları eliyle tarihte önemli bir seviyeye ulaşmıştır. Cumhuriyet‟e Geçiş Döneminde Hat Sanatı isimli çalışma, hüsn-i hat açısından klasik olarak değerlendirilen bir dönem ve sonrasını konu edinmektedir. Bu araştırma, klasik dönemini sürdürmekte olan sanat dalının, hangi durumda olduğunun tespiti için bir deneme niteliği taşıyacaktır. Cumhuriyet Dönemi öncesinde hat sanatında ulaşılan seviyenin ortaya konmasıyla çalışmaya başlanmıştır. Cumhuriyet Dönemi ilk nesil hattatlarının, hat sanatının gelmiş olduğu estetik seviyeye yapmış oldukları katkılarının araştırılması, çalışmanın önemli amaçlarındandır. Buna yönelik çalışmada esasen geleneksel meşk usulüyle sonraki nesillere intikal ettirilen bu sanatın mezkur dönem boyunca hangi kurum ve kuruluşlarca ne tür destek gördüğü hususu incelenmeye çalışılmıştır. Araştırmada, dönem hattatlarının hayatları ve sanatlarının yanı sıra, dönemin hat sanatı eğitimine de değinilmiştir. Ayrıca hattatların bu geçiş döneminde bir takım zorluklar yaşadığı tespit edildiğinden, çalışmada bu konuya da yer verilmiştir. Cumhuriyet Dönemi hattatlarının ve onların ortaya koydukları eserlerin, hat sanatının estetik seviyesini hangi yönde etkilediği incelenmiştir. Bu sanat dalının, mezkur dönemde yoluna nasıl devam ettiği hususu, araştırma konusu içerisindedir. Bu gerekçeler ile hazırlanan çalışmanın, hat sanatının günümüzdeki yeri hakkında yapılacak değerlendirmelere bir nebze olsun katkı sağlaması hedeflenmektedir.
Although the art of calligraphy has continued to develop with the contributions of calligraphers since the first centuries of Islam, it entered a rapid transformation phase in the Ottoman Period. This period, which started with Sheikh Hamdullah, reached an important level in history by the Ottoman calligraphers in the 19th century. The work called Calligraphy in the Transition Period to the Republic deals with a period that is considered classical in terms of calligraphy and its aftermath. This research will be an experiment to determine the state of the art branch, which continues its classical period. The work started with the revealing of the level reached in calligraphy before the Republican Period. One of the important aims of the study is to investigate the contributions of the first generation calligraphers of the Republic Period to the aesthetic level of calligraphy. In this study, it has been tried to examine what kind of support this art, which was handed down to the next generations with the traditional meşk method, was supported by which institutions and organizations throughout the aforementioned period. In the research, besides the lives and arts of the calligraphers of the period, the calligraphy education of the period was also mentioned. In addition, since it was determined that calligraphers had some difficulties in this transition period, this subject was also included in the study. It has been examined in which way the calligraphers of the Republic Period and their works affected the aesthetic level of calligraphy. The issue of how this branch of art continued on its way in the aforementioned period is within the scope of research. It is aimed that the study prepared with these reasons will contribute a little to the evaluations about the place of calligraphy today.
Although the art of calligraphy has continued to develop with the contributions of calligraphers since the first centuries of Islam, it entered a rapid transformation phase in the Ottoman Period. This period, which started with Sheikh Hamdullah, reached an important level in history by the Ottoman calligraphers in the 19th century. The work called Calligraphy in the Transition Period to the Republic deals with a period that is considered classical in terms of calligraphy and its aftermath. This research will be an experiment to determine the state of the art branch, which continues its classical period. The work started with the revealing of the level reached in calligraphy before the Republican Period. One of the important aims of the study is to investigate the contributions of the first generation calligraphers of the Republic Period to the aesthetic level of calligraphy. In this study, it has been tried to examine what kind of support this art, which was handed down to the next generations with the traditional meşk method, was supported by which institutions and organizations throughout the aforementioned period. In the research, besides the lives and arts of the calligraphers of the period, the calligraphy education of the period was also mentioned. In addition, since it was determined that calligraphers had some difficulties in this transition period, this subject was also included in the study. It has been examined in which way the calligraphers of the Republic Period and their works affected the aesthetic level of calligraphy. The issue of how this branch of art continued on its way in the aforementioned period is within the scope of research. It is aimed that the study prepared with these reasons will contribute a little to the evaluations about the place of calligraphy today.
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