Publication: Hemodiyaliz Hastalarında Mortalite Risk Faktörlerinin Değerlendirilmesi
Abstract
AMAÇ: Dünyada kronik böbrek hastalığı (KBH) prevalansı artmaktadır. Çalışmamızda en az bir yıldır hemodiyaliz programında olan hastalarda mortalite ile ilişkili olabilecek faktörleri değerlendirmeyi amaçladık. GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Çalışmamızda Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi Şehir Hemodiyaliz Merkezi'nde 01.01.2012 ve 01.10.2022 tarihleri arasında en az 1 yıl hemodiyaliz tedavisi görmüş 188 hastanın dosyaları retrospektif olarak incelendi. Hastaların son bir yılındaki 0-3-6-9-12. aylardaki laboratuvar parametreleri kaydedildi. Tedavi süresinde bu laboratuvar parametrelerindeki değişimler ve mortalite ile ilişkisi değerlendirildi. BULGULAR: Hastaların ortanca yaşı 64 (19) yıl olup 72'si (%38,3) kadındı. Ortanca KBH süresi 108 ay, hemodiyaliz süresi 48 ay olup mortalite oranı %38,8 saptandı. Hastalarda en sık hipertansiyon (%85,1), kalp hastalığı (%43,6) ve diyabet (%36,2) mevcuttu. Hastalarda ≥65 yaş olmak, kalp hastalığı varlığında, düşük diyastolik kan basıncı (DKB), klor, vitamin D, albümin ve kreatinin ve yüksek c reaktif protein (CRP) ve ferritin değerlerinde mortalitenin arttığı görüldü. Ölen grupta hemodiyalize giriş potasyum değerleri ve potasyum değişkenliği düşük saptandı. SONUÇ: Hemodiyaliz hastalarında 65 yaş ve üzerinde olmak, kalp hastalığı varlığı, DKB düşüklüğü, 12. ay laboratuvar değerlerinden kreatinin, albümin, klor ve vitamin D düşüklüğü ile ferritin yüksekliği mortalite ile ilişkili bağımsız değişkenler olarak saptanmıştır. Beslenme durumunun ve vücudun kas kütlesinin göstergesi olabilen albümin ve kreatinin değerlerinin düşük olması son 1 yıllık takipte her ölçümde mortaliteyi öngörmede değerli belirteçler olarak tespit edilmiştir Hemodiyaliz öncesi potasyum düzeylerinin hemodiyaliz sonrası ölçümlere göre mortalite üzerinde daha belirleyici bir etkiye sahip olduğunu öngörmekteyiz. Ferritin ve CRP mortaliteyi öngörmede son dönemde önemli birer parametre olarak kabul edilebilir.
AIM: The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing worldwide. In our study, we aimed to evaluate the factors that may be associated with mortality in patients who have been on hemodialysis program for at least one year. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated and retrospectively analyzed the files of 188 patients who received hemodialysis treatment for at least 1 year between 01.01.2012 and 01.10.2022 at Ondokuz Mayıs University Medical Faculty Hospital City Hemodialysis Center. The laboratory parameters of the patients at 0-3-6-9-12th months in the last one year were recorded. The changes in these laboratory parameters during the treatment and their relationship with mortality were evaluated. RESULTS: The median age of the patients was 64 (19) years and 72 (38.3%) of them were female. The median CKD duration was 108 months, hemodialysis duration was 48 months and the mortality rate was 38.8%. The most common comorbidities were hypertension (85.1%), heart disease (43.6%) and diabetes (36.2%). It was observed that mortality is increased in patients aged ≥65 years, in the presence of heart disease, low diastolic blood pressure (DBP), chlorine, vitamin D, albumin and creatinine, and high c-reactive protein (CRP) and ferritin values. The potassium values before hemodialysis and potassium variability were found low in the deceased group. CONCLUSION: In hemodialysis patients, being 65 years of age or older, presence of heart disease, low DBP, low creatinine, albumin, chlorine and vitamin D values at 12th month, and high ferritin were determined as independent variables associated with mortality. Low albumin and creatinine values, which can be the indicators of nutritional status and muscle mass of the body, have been identified as valuable markers to predict mortality in each measurement for the last 1-year follow-up. We predict that pre-hemodialysis potassium levels have a more determinant effect on mortality than post-hemodialysis measurements. Ferritin and CRP can be considered as important parameters to predict mortality in the last period.
AIM: The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing worldwide. In our study, we aimed to evaluate the factors that may be associated with mortality in patients who have been on hemodialysis program for at least one year. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated and retrospectively analyzed the files of 188 patients who received hemodialysis treatment for at least 1 year between 01.01.2012 and 01.10.2022 at Ondokuz Mayıs University Medical Faculty Hospital City Hemodialysis Center. The laboratory parameters of the patients at 0-3-6-9-12th months in the last one year were recorded. The changes in these laboratory parameters during the treatment and their relationship with mortality were evaluated. RESULTS: The median age of the patients was 64 (19) years and 72 (38.3%) of them were female. The median CKD duration was 108 months, hemodialysis duration was 48 months and the mortality rate was 38.8%. The most common comorbidities were hypertension (85.1%), heart disease (43.6%) and diabetes (36.2%). It was observed that mortality is increased in patients aged ≥65 years, in the presence of heart disease, low diastolic blood pressure (DBP), chlorine, vitamin D, albumin and creatinine, and high c-reactive protein (CRP) and ferritin values. The potassium values before hemodialysis and potassium variability were found low in the deceased group. CONCLUSION: In hemodialysis patients, being 65 years of age or older, presence of heart disease, low DBP, low creatinine, albumin, chlorine and vitamin D values at 12th month, and high ferritin were determined as independent variables associated with mortality. Low albumin and creatinine values, which can be the indicators of nutritional status and muscle mass of the body, have been identified as valuable markers to predict mortality in each measurement for the last 1-year follow-up. We predict that pre-hemodialysis potassium levels have a more determinant effect on mortality than post-hemodialysis measurements. Ferritin and CRP can be considered as important parameters to predict mortality in the last period.
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