Cultural Adaptation, Reliability and Validity of the Pain Disability Questionnaire in Chronic Low Back Pain

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study was to adapt the Pain Disability Questionnaire (PDQ) to Turkish language, and analyze its psychometric properties in patients with chronic low back pain (LBQ). Methods. Ninety-one patients with LBP (51 females and 40 males, age=41.71 +/- 12.53 years) for at least three months were included in the study. The PDQ was translated into Turkish in the light of international rules. The patients completed the Turkish PDQ and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and functional status was evaluated. Test-retest reliability was determined in 31 patients within one-week using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Pearson correlation analysis. The relationship between Turkish PDQ and ODI was investigated using Pearson correlation analysis and construct validity. Results. The internal consistency value (Cronbach's alpha) for Turkish PDQ was a=0.897. The ICC for the test-retest reliability was 0.947. The correlation coefficient for the functional status component of Turkish PDQ and ODI was r=0.583 (p<0.001) and for the psychosocial component of Turkish PDQ and ODI was r=0.473 (p<0.001). There was a strong correlation between total Turkish PDQ and ODI scores (r=0.582, p<0.001). Factor analysis revealed a 2-factor structure in conformity with the original structure. Conclusion: The Turkish PDQ was found to be reliable and valid. The Turkish PDQ would be useful in research and clinical applications for the evaluation and follow-up of chronic musculoskeletal disorders including LBP.