Publication: The Influence of Natural Oil Seeps on the Chemical Properties of the Surrounding Surface Soil Levels
Abstract
Doğal petrol sızıntıları, yer kabuğundan sızan, kabarcıklar, su ve yağ ile koyu viskoz sıvı olarak görülebilen sıvı veya gaz halindeki hidrokarbonlardır. Polonya, özellikle Zmiennica-Brzózow, Ropianka ve Płowce'nin Subcarpathia Voyvodalığı bölgelerinde önemli petrol sızıntılarına ev sahipliği yapıyor. Bu sızıntılar jeolojik bilgiler sunar ancak çevresel riskler oluşturur. Bu çalışmanın amacı, bu bölgelerdeki üst toprak kimyası üzerindeki doğal sızıntı etkilerini araştırmaktır. Toprak örnekleri 0-20 cm derinlikte, sızıntılara yakın ve daha uzakta toplanmıştır. Yağ içeriği değişmiştir: Zmiennica-Brzózow'da% 0.885 -% 3.540, Ropianka'da% 0.695 -% 44.126 ve Płowce'de% 1.756 -% 19.660. Yağ içeriği yüksek olan alanlar, toprak organik karbon, azot ve C/N oranlarında artış gösterdi. pH, yüksek yağ içerikli alanlarda pH'ta (KCl) hafif bir artışla hafif asidik ila hafif alkali arasında değişiyordu. Silt/kil oranı 0.3 ile 8.2 arasında değişmektedir. Kalsiyum, potasyum, magnezyum, sodyum, fosfor, bitkide bulunan potasyum, serbest demir oksit, kristal demir, amorf demir ve toplam demir gibi elementler daha yüksek yağ içeriği ile azalmıştır. Kristal demir, Zmiennica-Brzózow'da 7531 mg / kg ila 11439 mg / kg, Ropianka'da 5509 mg / kg ila 9738 mg / kg ve Płowce'de 3353 mg / kg ila 6021 mg / kg arasında değişen her üç yerde de en yüksekti.
Natural oil seeps are liquid or gaseous hydrocarbons that leak from the earth's crust, visible as dark-viscous liquid with bubbles, water, and oil. Poland hosts significant oil seeps, particularly in the Subcarpathia Voivodeship areas of Zmiennica- Brzózow, Ropianka, and Płowce. These seeps offer geological insights but pose environmental risks. This study's aim was to investigate natural seep effects on topsoil chemistry in these regions. Soil samples were collected at 0-20 cm depth, near and further from the seeps. The oil content varied: 0.885%-3.540% in Zmiennica-Brzózow, 0.695%-44.126% in Ropianka, and 1.756%-19.660% in Płowce. Areas with high oil content showed increased soil organic carbon, nitrogen, and C/N ratios. The pH ranged from slightly acidic to slightly alkaline, with a mild increase in pH (KCl) in high oil content areas. The silt/clay ratio ranged from 0.3 to 8.2. Elements such as calcium, potassium, magnesium, sodium, phosphorus, plant-available potassium, free iron oxide, crystalline iron, amorphous iron, and total iron decreased with higher oil content. Crystalline iron was highest in all three locations, ranging from 7531 mg/kg to 11439 mg/kg in Zmiennica-Brzózow, 5509 mg/kg to 9738 mg/kg in Ropianka, and 3353 mg/kg to 6021 mg/kg in Płowce.
Natural oil seeps are liquid or gaseous hydrocarbons that leak from the earth's crust, visible as dark-viscous liquid with bubbles, water, and oil. Poland hosts significant oil seeps, particularly in the Subcarpathia Voivodeship areas of Zmiennica- Brzózow, Ropianka, and Płowce. These seeps offer geological insights but pose environmental risks. This study's aim was to investigate natural seep effects on topsoil chemistry in these regions. Soil samples were collected at 0-20 cm depth, near and further from the seeps. The oil content varied: 0.885%-3.540% in Zmiennica-Brzózow, 0.695%-44.126% in Ropianka, and 1.756%-19.660% in Płowce. Areas with high oil content showed increased soil organic carbon, nitrogen, and C/N ratios. The pH ranged from slightly acidic to slightly alkaline, with a mild increase in pH (KCl) in high oil content areas. The silt/clay ratio ranged from 0.3 to 8.2. Elements such as calcium, potassium, magnesium, sodium, phosphorus, plant-available potassium, free iron oxide, crystalline iron, amorphous iron, and total iron decreased with higher oil content. Crystalline iron was highest in all three locations, ranging from 7531 mg/kg to 11439 mg/kg in Zmiennica-Brzózow, 5509 mg/kg to 9738 mg/kg in Ropianka, and 3353 mg/kg to 6021 mg/kg in Płowce.
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