Publication: Acil Servise Başvuran Organofosfat Zehirlenmesi Olan Olguların Geriye Dönük Değerlendirilmesi
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Amaç: Gelişmekte olan ülkeler gibi ülkemizde de organofosfat'a (OF) bağlı zehirlenmeler önemli bir sorun teşkil etmektedir. Bu çalışmada amacımız, Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi (OMÜTF) Acil Servisine; 2001?2005 yılları arasında başvuran OF ile zehirlenen hastaların geriye dönük olarak demografik, klinik ve laboratuar bulgularını irdelemektir.Materyal ve Metod: Bu çalışma için etik kurul onayı alınarak (31.05.2006) OMÜTF Acil Servis'ine 2001?2005 yılları arasında başvuran 16 yaş ve üzerindeki 67 hastanın dosyası geriye dönük incelendi. Çalışmaya alınan olguların dosya bilgilerinden yaş, cinsiyet, meslek, acil servise başvuru nedeni, başvurma zamanı, zehirlenme nedeni (özkıyım, mesleki maruziyet, kaza), zehirlenme yolu (oral, inhalasyon, cilt, intravenöz), fizik muayene bulguları, laboratuvar bulguları (pseudokolinesteraz, lökosit, kreatin kinaz (CK), aspartat aminotransferaz (AST), glukoz, amilaz düzeyleri), EKG bulguları, verilen tedavi, hastanede kalma süresi, yattığı servis ve son durumuna (ölüm, şifa) ilişkin veriler elde edildi. Araştırmadan elde edilen veriler kodlandıktan sonra SPSS 11.0 paket programında bilgisayara aktarıldı ve analiz edildi. Çalışma verileri değerlendirilirken sürekli değişkenler ortalama ± Standart sapma olarak, frekans veriler ise yüzde ile ifade edildi. Ortalamaların karşılaştırmasında normal değişkenli veriler için Student-t testi, normal dağılım göstermeyen ikili ortalamaların karşılaştırılmasında ise Man-Whitney-U testi uygulandı, p<0.05 anlamlı olarak kabul edildi.Bulgular: Çalışma süresinde akut organofosfat zehirlenmeli 67 olgunun acil servise başvurduğu tesbit edildi. Olgularımızın 35'i erkek (%52.2), 32'si (%47.8) kadındı. Olguların yaş ortalaması 39.41±15.97 olup her iki cinste de en fazla zehirlenen yaş grubu 16-25 idi. Olguların 47'isi evli (%70.1), 16'sı bekar (%23.9) ve 4'ü (%6) duldu. En sık zehirlenen meslek grubu 24 olgu ile (%39.3) ev hanımları idi. Olguların ensık başvurdukları mevsin %38.8 ile yaz idi. Olguların zehirlenme sonrası acil servise başvurma zamanı ortalama 11.43±31.88 saat, (min: 1 saat, max: 240 saat) idi. Organofosfatla en sık zehirlenme şekli %68.7 ile oral alımdı ve en sık zehirlenme nedeni %67.2 öz kıyımdı. Acil servise en sık başvuru yakınması bulantı-kusma (%58.2), en sık klinik bulgu kusma (%79.1) idi. Olguların 39'na (%58.2) pralidoksim (PAM) verildiği tesbit edildi. Olgularımızın 11'inin (%16.4) intermediat evreye girdiği saptandı. Olguların başvuru anında çekilen EKG'sinde en sık %26.9 sinüzal taşikardi tesbit edildi. Olguların başvuru anındaki ortalama pseudokolinesteraz düzeyleri 2060.58 U/L±1656.75 U/L (min: 87 U/L, max: 6003 U/L) idi. Olguların başvuru anındaki ortalama beyaz küre değerleri 11656±5576 U/L (min: 3600 U/L, max: 28000U/L) olarak tesbit edildi. Olguların hastanede kalma süresi 1-30 gün arasında değişmekte olup ortalama 5.35±7.34 gün idi. Olgularımızın %85.1'i acil servise, %14.9'u yoğun bakıma yatırıldı. Olguların 3'nün (%4.5) eksitus olduğu tesbit edildi.Sonuç: Çalışmamızda Organofosfat zehirlenmelerinde en sık etkilen grubun genç erişkinlerin oluşturduğunu, OF'a maruziyetin daha sık oral yol ve öz kıyım amaçlı olduğunu tesbit ettik. Organofosfatların özellikle tarım ilacı ve evde böcek ilacı olarak kullanıldığı yaz aylarında daha sık zehirlenmelere neden olduğunu saptadık. Organofosfatların satışının, depolanmasının kontrol edilmesi ve kolay erişimin engellenmesi ile kullanıcıların bilinçlendirilmesi, OF ile olan öz kıyım girişimini, kaza ve mesleki maruziyeti azaltacağını düşünmekteyiz.
ObjectiveOrganophosphate poisoning (OP) is a serious medical problem in our country like other developing countries. In this study our aim is to retrospectively detect OP poisoning patients admitted to Ondokuz Mayıs University (OMU) Emergency Department between 2001 and 2005 according to their demographical, clinical and labaratory findings.Materials and methodsFor this study data of 67 patients over 16 years old admitted to OMU Emergency Department (ED) between 2001 and 2005 was detected with the permission of ethic comittee. Age, sex, occupation, complaint, admission time, the cause of intoxication (suicide, occupational exposure, accidental), the way of intoxication (oral, inhalation, skin, intravenose), physical examination findings, laboratory findings (pseudocholinesterase, leukosyte, creatin kinase, aspartate aminotransferase, glucose, levels of amylase),ECG findings, given therapy, duration of hospital stay, the clinical follow up and final outcome (death or cure) datas were obtained from the documentations of the patients involved to the study. Data obtained from the study was analysed with SPSS 11.0. While study data was being evaluated variants was expressed as percentage. To compare means Student-t test was used, and to compare binary means showing not any distribition Mann- Whitney U test was used , p<0.05 value was accepted meaningfulResultsAt the duration of study 67 organophosphate poisoning (OPP) patients admitted to ED. 35 (%52.2) of the patients were male and 32 (%47.8) of them were female. Mean age of the population was 39.41±15.97 years. The distribution of age groups in both sexes; mostly effected group was 16-25 year old group. According to their occupation mostly effected groups were housewives with 24 (%39.3) cases. According to season of hospital admission, most patient were in the group of summer (%38.8). 11.43±31.88 hour (min: 1hour, max: 240 hour) was the admission time to hospital after poisoning. Oral uptake was the most way of OPP (%68.7) and suicide was the most cause of organophosphate poisoning (%67.2). Nausea and vomiting was the most complaint at emercency admission (%58.2); vomiting was the most clinical finding (%79.1) at emergency admission after OPP. 39 (%58.2) of the cases had taken pralidoxim(PAM). 11 of the cases (%16.4) were detected as they were in intermediate phase. Sinusal tachycardia was the most finding about the ECG evaluation. At the admission; mean level of pseudocholinesterase was 2060.58 U/L±1656.75 U/L (min: 87 U/L, max: 6003 U/L), mean level of leukocyte value was 11656±5576 U/L (min: 3600 U/L, max: 28000U/L). Duration of hospitalization changed from 1 day to 30 day , meanly 5.35±7.34 day. %85.1 of the cases were hospitalized in emergency service and %14.9 of the cases were hospitalized in intensive care unit, 3 of the cases were exitus (%4.5) at the duration of studyConclusionIn our study we determined that OPP effects younger adults much more than the other age groups. Oral uptake is the most way of and suicide is the most cause of OPP. OP cause poisoning frequently in summer days because of they are used as agricultural drug or home insectisid in summer days. For decreasing the suicidal, accidental and occupational OPP; controls about the selling and storing of these drugs must be increased, easy arrival to OP?s must be prevented, people using OP must be educated.
ObjectiveOrganophosphate poisoning (OP) is a serious medical problem in our country like other developing countries. In this study our aim is to retrospectively detect OP poisoning patients admitted to Ondokuz Mayıs University (OMU) Emergency Department between 2001 and 2005 according to their demographical, clinical and labaratory findings.Materials and methodsFor this study data of 67 patients over 16 years old admitted to OMU Emergency Department (ED) between 2001 and 2005 was detected with the permission of ethic comittee. Age, sex, occupation, complaint, admission time, the cause of intoxication (suicide, occupational exposure, accidental), the way of intoxication (oral, inhalation, skin, intravenose), physical examination findings, laboratory findings (pseudocholinesterase, leukosyte, creatin kinase, aspartate aminotransferase, glucose, levels of amylase),ECG findings, given therapy, duration of hospital stay, the clinical follow up and final outcome (death or cure) datas were obtained from the documentations of the patients involved to the study. Data obtained from the study was analysed with SPSS 11.0. While study data was being evaluated variants was expressed as percentage. To compare means Student-t test was used, and to compare binary means showing not any distribition Mann- Whitney U test was used , p<0.05 value was accepted meaningfulResultsAt the duration of study 67 organophosphate poisoning (OPP) patients admitted to ED. 35 (%52.2) of the patients were male and 32 (%47.8) of them were female. Mean age of the population was 39.41±15.97 years. The distribution of age groups in both sexes; mostly effected group was 16-25 year old group. According to their occupation mostly effected groups were housewives with 24 (%39.3) cases. According to season of hospital admission, most patient were in the group of summer (%38.8). 11.43±31.88 hour (min: 1hour, max: 240 hour) was the admission time to hospital after poisoning. Oral uptake was the most way of OPP (%68.7) and suicide was the most cause of organophosphate poisoning (%67.2). Nausea and vomiting was the most complaint at emercency admission (%58.2); vomiting was the most clinical finding (%79.1) at emergency admission after OPP. 39 (%58.2) of the cases had taken pralidoxim(PAM). 11 of the cases (%16.4) were detected as they were in intermediate phase. Sinusal tachycardia was the most finding about the ECG evaluation. At the admission; mean level of pseudocholinesterase was 2060.58 U/L±1656.75 U/L (min: 87 U/L, max: 6003 U/L), mean level of leukocyte value was 11656±5576 U/L (min: 3600 U/L, max: 28000U/L). Duration of hospitalization changed from 1 day to 30 day , meanly 5.35±7.34 day. %85.1 of the cases were hospitalized in emergency service and %14.9 of the cases were hospitalized in intensive care unit, 3 of the cases were exitus (%4.5) at the duration of studyConclusionIn our study we determined that OPP effects younger adults much more than the other age groups. Oral uptake is the most way of and suicide is the most cause of OPP. OP cause poisoning frequently in summer days because of they are used as agricultural drug or home insectisid in summer days. For decreasing the suicidal, accidental and occupational OPP; controls about the selling and storing of these drugs must be increased, easy arrival to OP?s must be prevented, people using OP must be educated.
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Tez (tıpta uzmanlık) -- Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, 2008
Libra Kayıt No: 12089
Libra Kayıt No: 12089
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