Publication: Samsun Yöresinde Evcil Ruminantlarda Cryptosporidium Türlerinin Tespiti
Abstract
Kriptosporidiozis, bağışıklık sistemi henüz gelişmemiş ya da baskılanmış canlılarda kronik ishale neden olan paraziter bir hastalıktır. Dünya genelinde yaygın olan parazitin birçok türü bulunmaktadır. Bunlar arasında en yaygını ve en patojeni olan C. parvum yeni doğan buzağı ve kuzuların en önemli ishal nedenlerindendir. Aynı zamanda zoonoz karakterde olan parazit ekonomik kayıplara neden olan bir yetiştiricilik problemidir. Bu doktora tez çalışmasında, Samsun ve ilçelerinde ruminantlarda kriptosporidiyozisin varlığının araştırılması, yaygınlığının belirlenmesi ve enfeksiyondan sorumlu türlerin tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında 110 kuzu, 54 koyun, 101 buzağı, 50 sığır, 519 malak ve 251 manda dışkısı Cryptosporidium sp. varlığı bakımından incelenmiştir. İnceleme sonunda 16 (% 14,5) kuzu, 3 (% 5,6) koyun, 10 (% 9,9) buzağı ve 4 (% 8) sığır dışkısında parazitin ookisti tespit edilmiştir. Pozitif örnekler ve tüm malak dışkıları moleküler olarak da incelenmiştir. Araştırma sonunda Samsun'da kriptosporidiyozis ilk olarak araştırılmış, örnek toplanan 13 ilçenin 11'inde kriptosporidiozisin varlığı ortaya konmuştur. Parazite koyun ve sığır işletmelerinde rastlanırken, manda çiftliklerinde parazit bulunmamıştır. Dünya verileri ve Türkiye'de koyun ve sığır çiftliklerinde kriptosporidiozisin yayılış oranları ile araştırma sonuçları karşılaştırıldığında, elde elen sonuçların daha düşük oranlarda olduğu görülmüştür. Enfeksiyon oranı yüksek olmasa da, Samsun ve ilçelerinde parazitin yaygın olarak bulunduğu ve yetiştiricilik açısından dikkat edilmesi gereken bir problem olduğu görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak Türkiye'de mandalarda kriptosporidiozisin varlığı ilk olarak araştırılmış, ancak parazite rastlanmamıştır. Pozitif örnekler moleküler olarak incelenmiş, tek tür olarak C. parvum teşhis edilmiştir. Parazitin sekans analizi yapılmış, gen bank kaydı girilmiştir. Cryptosporidium parvum zoonoz karakterde olduğu için, araştırma sonunda parazitin halk sağlığı açısından da önemi vurgulanmıştır. Türkiye'de kriptosporidiozisin gerçek durumunu öğrenmek için, düzenli aralıklarla yeni çalışmalar yapılmalıdır, bunun yanında buzağı ve kuzu yetiştiriciliği yapılan işletmelerde rutin parazit kontrolleri yapılmalıdır. Ayrıca, bu çalışmada neticesinde malaklarda parazite rastlamasa da, manda yetiştiriciliğinde kriptosporidiozisin göz ardı edilmemesi gerekmektedir.
Cryptosporidiosis is a parasitic disease common worldwide and causes chronic diarrhoea in creatures whose immune systems are not yet developed or are suppressed. There are many species of the parasite common around the world. Cryptosporidium parvum, the most common and pathogenic species, causes diarrhea in livestock and humans and economic. In the study, it was aimed to investigate the presence of cryptosporidiosis in ruminants in Samsun, to determine its prevalence and to identify the species responsible for the infection. A total of 110 lambs, 54 sheep, 101 calves, 50 cattle, 519 malak and 251 buffalo feces were examined for the presence of Cryptospordiium sp. At the end of the examination, the parasite were detected in the feces of 16 (14.5%) lambs, 3 (5.6%) sheeps, 10 (9.9%) calves and 4 (8%) cattle. The positive samples and all malak feces were also examined molecularly. Cryptosporidiosis was first investigated in Samsun, and its presence was revealed in 11 of the 13 districts where samples were collected. While the parasite infection was found in sheep and cattle farms, it was not found in buffalo farms. When the research results were compared with world data and the prevalence rates of cryptosporidiosis in sheep and cattle farms in Turkey, it was seen that the results obtained were at lower rates. Although the infection rate is not high, it has been observed that the parasite is widespread in Samsun and its districts and is a problem that requires attention in terms of cultivation. En of the study, cryptosporidiosis was first investigated in water buffaloes in Turkey. Positive samples were examined molecularly and the only C. parvum was identified. Sequence analysis of the parasite was performed and the gene bank record was entered. Since C. parvum has a zoonotic character, the importance of the parasite in terms of public health was also emphasized as a consequence of the research. To learn the real situation of cryptosporidiosis in Turkey, new studies should be conducted at regular intervals, and routine parasite controls should be carried out on calf and lamb farms. Moreover, although no parasites were found in buffalo calves, cryptosporidiosis should not be ignored in buffalo calf breeding in Turkey.
Cryptosporidiosis is a parasitic disease common worldwide and causes chronic diarrhoea in creatures whose immune systems are not yet developed or are suppressed. There are many species of the parasite common around the world. Cryptosporidium parvum, the most common and pathogenic species, causes diarrhea in livestock and humans and economic. In the study, it was aimed to investigate the presence of cryptosporidiosis in ruminants in Samsun, to determine its prevalence and to identify the species responsible for the infection. A total of 110 lambs, 54 sheep, 101 calves, 50 cattle, 519 malak and 251 buffalo feces were examined for the presence of Cryptospordiium sp. At the end of the examination, the parasite were detected in the feces of 16 (14.5%) lambs, 3 (5.6%) sheeps, 10 (9.9%) calves and 4 (8%) cattle. The positive samples and all malak feces were also examined molecularly. Cryptosporidiosis was first investigated in Samsun, and its presence was revealed in 11 of the 13 districts where samples were collected. While the parasite infection was found in sheep and cattle farms, it was not found in buffalo farms. When the research results were compared with world data and the prevalence rates of cryptosporidiosis in sheep and cattle farms in Turkey, it was seen that the results obtained were at lower rates. Although the infection rate is not high, it has been observed that the parasite is widespread in Samsun and its districts and is a problem that requires attention in terms of cultivation. En of the study, cryptosporidiosis was first investigated in water buffaloes in Turkey. Positive samples were examined molecularly and the only C. parvum was identified. Sequence analysis of the parasite was performed and the gene bank record was entered. Since C. parvum has a zoonotic character, the importance of the parasite in terms of public health was also emphasized as a consequence of the research. To learn the real situation of cryptosporidiosis in Turkey, new studies should be conducted at regular intervals, and routine parasite controls should be carried out on calf and lamb farms. Moreover, although no parasites were found in buffalo calves, cryptosporidiosis should not be ignored in buffalo calf breeding in Turkey.
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