Prevalence of Multiple Miliary Type of Osteoma Cutis in the Maxillofacial Region as an Incidental Finding: A Retrospective Cone Beam Computed Tomography Study

Abstract

Objective: Miliary osteoma cutis (MOC) is a rare variant of osteoma cutis in which multiple fragments of bone formations are embedded in the skin. In general, they are asymptomatic, benign and detected incidentally on radiographic examination. Methods: This prevalence study was made by using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans. A total of 893 CBCT scans were evaluated. A total of 202 of them were excluded because of poor diagnostic quality. The occurrence frequency of incidentally found multiple miliary type of osteoma cutis in head and neck area was noted. Median and range were used to describe the age of the patients. Results: A total of 691 CBCT images were screened. Of these, 268 (38.8%) were from female patients and 423 (61.2%) were from male patients. The median age of patients referred for CBCT was 45.0 (IQR=30.0) years and within the age range of 5-84 years. A total of 22 (3.2%) multiple MOC cases in the maxillofacial region were discovered on 691 patients' CBCT scans. Conclusion: Calcified lesions in the head and neck region were commonly seen in CBCT images. Although most of the calcifications are asymptomatic and require no treatment, diagnosis should be carefully made to avoid unnecessary further diagnostic assessments. It will also provide the ability to comprehensively evaluate underlying diseases.