Publication: Fen Bilimleri Ders Kitaplarında Yer Alan Çevre Konularının Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Hedefleri, Araştırma Sorgulamaya Dayalı Öğrenme ve Bilimsel Süreç Becerileri Açısından İncelenmesi
Abstract
Başarılı bir fen eğitiminin çıktıları yaşantımızda, alışkanlıklarımızda ve geleceğimizde görülmektedir. Fen Bilimleri eğitimi ile çeşitli beceriler kazanan öğrencilerin toplumda sorgulayan, araştırmacı, çevre bilincine sahip ekosisteme zarar vermeyen bireyler olması hedeflenmektedir. Bu çalışmada 'Fen Bilimleri ders kitaplarında yer alan çevre konuları Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Hedefleri, Araştırma- Sorgulamaya Dayalı Öğrenme ve Bilimsel Süreç Becerileri açısından ne düzeydedir?' sorusuna yanıt aranmak üzere 3-8. sınıf Fen Bilimleri Öğretim Programı ve ders kitapları ilgili beceriler doğrultusunda incelenmiştir. Çalışma nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman analizi ile yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Hedefleri bağlamında Öğretim Programı'nda belirli düzeyde yer verilen hedefler; erişilebilir ve temiz enerji, sanayi, yenilikçilik ve altyapı, sürdürülebilir şehirler ve topluluklar, iklim eylemi hedefleridir. Sağlık boyutu bakımından 3. ve 8. sınıfta Sağlık ve kaliteli yaşam hedefine; İklim eylemi bakımından 5. ve 8. sınıflarda İklim eylemi hedefine yer verilmiştir. 4-8. sınıf ders kitaplarında Temiz su ve sanitasyon, Sürdürülebilir şehirler ve topluluklar, Sürdürülebilir üretim ve tüketim, karasal yaşam hedeflerine sıklıkla rastlanmıştır. Öğretim programında gözlem, sınıflama, sonuç çıkarma becerilerine sıklıkla yer verilmiştir. 4, 5 ve 7. sınıf ders kitaplarında tüm bilimsel süreç becerilerine rastlanmıştır. Ders kitaplarında 3. sınıfta sayı uzay ilişkileri kurma, karar verme becerilerine; 6. sınıfta sayı uzay ilişkileri kurma; 8. sınıfta ölçme becerisine rastlanmamıştır. Öğretim Programı'nda en çok bir problem durumu ile karşılaşma maddesine ve rehberli sorgulamaya yer verilmiştir. Ders kitaplarında deney-etkinliklere yer verme, problem durumu ile karşılaşma, merak uyandıracak içerik sunma maddelerine sıklıkla yer verilmiştir. Ders kitaplarında rehberli sorgulamaya sıklıkla yer verilmiştir. Fen Bilimleri eğitiminde yapılan bu çalışma ile, öğretim programının ve ders kitaplarının çevre konularına yönelik gelişimine daha fazla katkı sunacağı düşünülmektedir.
It is aimed that students who gain various skills through science education will be individuals in society who question, are researchers, can establish relationships between situations, are environmentally conscious and do not harm the ecosystem. In this study, 'What is the level of environmental issues in science textbooks in terms of sustainable development goals, research and inquiry-based learning and scientific process skills?' to find an answer to the question, the from 3rd to 8th grade Science Curriculum and textbooks were examined in line with the relevant skills. The study was conducted using document analysis, one of the qualitative research methods. Goals frequently included in the Sustainable Development Goals Curriculum; industry, innovation and infrastructure, sustainable cities and communities, sustainable production and consumption goals. More sub-items of the industrial, innovation and infrastructure target are included. The goal of health and quality life is included in the 3rd and 8th grades. In terms of climate action, the climate action target is included in the 5th and 8th grades. Clean water and sanitation, sustainable cities and communities, sustainable production and consumption, and terrestrial life goals were frequently encountered in 4th and 8th grade textbooks. Sustainable development goals are included more in 8th grade textbooks.Observation, classification and inference skills are frequently included in the curriculum. In the 3rd grade, the skills of establishing number-space relations and decision making were not found. The ability to establish number-space relations was not found in the 6th grade, and the ability to measure was not found in the 8th grade. In the Curriculum, encountering a problem situation and guided questioning are mostly included. Items such as including experiments and activities, encountering problem situations, and presenting content that will arouse curiosity are frequently included in the textbooks. Guided inquiry is given more space in textbooks.
It is aimed that students who gain various skills through science education will be individuals in society who question, are researchers, can establish relationships between situations, are environmentally conscious and do not harm the ecosystem. In this study, 'What is the level of environmental issues in science textbooks in terms of sustainable development goals, research and inquiry-based learning and scientific process skills?' to find an answer to the question, the from 3rd to 8th grade Science Curriculum and textbooks were examined in line with the relevant skills. The study was conducted using document analysis, one of the qualitative research methods. Goals frequently included in the Sustainable Development Goals Curriculum; industry, innovation and infrastructure, sustainable cities and communities, sustainable production and consumption goals. More sub-items of the industrial, innovation and infrastructure target are included. The goal of health and quality life is included in the 3rd and 8th grades. In terms of climate action, the climate action target is included in the 5th and 8th grades. Clean water and sanitation, sustainable cities and communities, sustainable production and consumption, and terrestrial life goals were frequently encountered in 4th and 8th grade textbooks. Sustainable development goals are included more in 8th grade textbooks.Observation, classification and inference skills are frequently included in the curriculum. In the 3rd grade, the skills of establishing number-space relations and decision making were not found. The ability to establish number-space relations was not found in the 6th grade, and the ability to measure was not found in the 8th grade. In the Curriculum, encountering a problem situation and guided questioning are mostly included. Items such as including experiments and activities, encountering problem situations, and presenting content that will arouse curiosity are frequently included in the textbooks. Guided inquiry is given more space in textbooks.
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