Publication: İbn Arabi'nin Fususu'l Hikem'inde Varoluşçu Temalar
Abstract
İbn Arabi, varlık kavramı bağlamında felsefe tarihinde kendisine en çok atıf yapılan düşünürlerdendir. Varlık anlayışını; Tanrı merkezli bir bakış açısıyla oluşturan İbn Arabi, bu düşüncelerini en özet haliyle Fususu'l Hikem adlı eserinde kaleme almaktadır. Bununla birlikte ilgili eserde, varlık anlayışından insanın varoluşuna doğru giden bakış açısı dikkat çekmektedir. Bu çalışmada ilgili eserin bu özelliğine vurgu yapılarak insanın varoluş aşamaları irdelenecektir. Bu aşamalar ele alınırken son dönem akımı olarak görülen varoluşçu düşüncenin görüşlerine de atıf yapılacaktır. Diğer yandan varoluşçu düşüncede, insanın varoluşu sürecinde etkili olan fenomenlerden bazı varoluşçu temalar oluşturulmuştur. Bu temalarla İbn Arabi'nin ilgili eserinden oluşturulan temalar arasında karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirmelerde bulunulacaktır. Bu değerlendirmeler varoluşçu düşüncenin, İbn Arabi'nin düşüncelerine üstünlüğü ya da eksikliği bağlamında değil iki farklı ufkun benzerlikleri ya da ayrılıkları bağlamında ele alınacaktır. Bu düşüncelere ek olarak, İbn Arabi'nin varoluşçu düşünce bağlamında özgünlüğü ortaya koyulmaya çalışılacaktır. Aynı zamanda ilgili eserde bulunan varoluşçu temaların izleri ön plana çıkarılacaktır. Anahtar Sözcükler: İbn Arabi, Varoluşçuluk, İnsan, Fususu'l Hikem, Varoluşçu Tema.
Ibn Arabi, within the context of the concept of existence, is one of the most frequently referenced thinkers in the history of philosophy. Ibn Arabi, whose understanding of existence had been shaped from a theocentric perspective, articulated these thoughts in their most concise form in his work titled Fusus al-Hikam. However, in the aforementioned work, the perspective that transitions from the understanding of existence to the human experience of existence is noteworthy. In this study, emphasis had been placed on this characteristic of the work, and the stages of human existence had been analyzed. While these stages had been examined, references had also been made to the ideas of existentialist thought, which had been regarded as a contemporary movement. On the other hand, in existentialist thought, certain existential themes had been formed from phenomena influencing the process of human existence. A comparative evaluation had been carried out between these themes and those derived from Ibn Arabi's aforementioned work. These evaluations had been addressed not in the context of the superiority or deficiency of existentialist thought compared to Ibn Arabi's ideas but rather in terms of the similarities or differences between two distinct horizons. In addition to these considerations, an attempt had been made to reveal the originality of Ibn Arabi's thought within the framework of existentialist philosophy. Simultaneously, traces of existential themes present in the relevant work had been highlighted. Keywords: Ibn Arabi, Existentialism, Human, Fusus al-Hikam, Existential Theme.
Ibn Arabi, within the context of the concept of existence, is one of the most frequently referenced thinkers in the history of philosophy. Ibn Arabi, whose understanding of existence had been shaped from a theocentric perspective, articulated these thoughts in their most concise form in his work titled Fusus al-Hikam. However, in the aforementioned work, the perspective that transitions from the understanding of existence to the human experience of existence is noteworthy. In this study, emphasis had been placed on this characteristic of the work, and the stages of human existence had been analyzed. While these stages had been examined, references had also been made to the ideas of existentialist thought, which had been regarded as a contemporary movement. On the other hand, in existentialist thought, certain existential themes had been formed from phenomena influencing the process of human existence. A comparative evaluation had been carried out between these themes and those derived from Ibn Arabi's aforementioned work. These evaluations had been addressed not in the context of the superiority or deficiency of existentialist thought compared to Ibn Arabi's ideas but rather in terms of the similarities or differences between two distinct horizons. In addition to these considerations, an attempt had been made to reveal the originality of Ibn Arabi's thought within the framework of existentialist philosophy. Simultaneously, traces of existential themes present in the relevant work had been highlighted. Keywords: Ibn Arabi, Existentialism, Human, Fusus al-Hikam, Existential Theme.
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