Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of the Type 1 Diabetes Distress Scale

Abstract

Aims: This study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Type 1 Diabetes Distress Scale Methods: This methodological, descriptive, and correlational study was conducted with 292 individuals diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes. Data were collected between January 2024 and August 2024 using the "Information Form for Individuals with Diabetes," the "Type 1 Diabetes Distress Scale," and the "Patient Health Questionnaire." The linguistic validity and content validity of the scale were evaluated, with content validity assessed using the Davis technique. The psychometric properties of the scale were analyzed through exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, internal consistency reliability, test-retest reliability, and parallel-form reliability. Results: The Turkish version of the Type 1 Diabetes Distress Scale consists of 21 items and two subdimensions (Factor 1: Concerns About Diabetes Management; Factor 2: Social Diabetes Perception and Pressure). The twofactor structure explained 66 % of the total variance. The overall Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the scale was 0.96. Test-retest reliability analysis revealed a high, positive, and statistically significant correlation (r = 0.995, p < 0.05). Conclusions: The questionnaire was demonstrated to be a valid and reliable instrument for evaluating diabetes distress in patients with type 1 diabetes.