Publication: II. Abdülhamit Döneminde Balkanlar ile İlgili İstihbarat Raporları
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Muhtelif imkan ile araçlardan yararlanarak herhangi bir konuda enformatik materyal teminine istihbarat adı verilmektedir. Türk ve İslam Devletlerinin bilgi ve birikimlerini bünyesinde barındıran Osmanlı İmparatorluğu, Klasik Dönemde istihbaratı casuslar, tercümanlar, elçiler, akıncılar, esirler ve ülkelerine küskün yabancılar gibi çeşitli kaynaklardan temin etmiştir. Elde edilen istihbarat verileri Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'nun Balkanlarda sınırlarını genişletmesini ve otoritesini tesis etmesini kolaylaştırmıştır. Sultan Abdülmecid dönemine kadar kurumsallaşmayan Osmanlı istihbaratı, II. Abdülhamit ile teşkilatlı bir yapıya bürünmüştür. Makedonya hariç tüm Balkanların ulus devlet haline geldiği II. Abdülhamit döneminde, otoritesini temin etmek isteyen Sultan Abdülhamit, kurduğu Yıldız Hafiye Teşkilatı'yla Balkanlarda yaşanan askeri, siyasi ve fikri gelişmelerden haberdar olmaya çalışmıştır. Osmanlı Arşivinden elde edilen istihbarat raporları göstermektedir ki, Balkanlarda Bulgaristan, Yunanistan ve Sırbistan açıkça Osmanlı'ya karşı askeri teşebbüslerde bulunmuşlar, tatbikatlar yaparak askeri malzemeler ithal etmişlerdir. Karadağ ise diğer Balkan devletlerinden ayrılmaktadır. II. Abdülhamit'in Balkan Politikasının sonucu olan Karadağ - Osmanlı ilişkileri görünürde iyi olsa da, Karadağ her fırsatta savaş hazırlıkları yapmaktan geri durmamıştır. Askeri ve lojistik hareketlilikler dışında çete/komite ve neşriyat faaliyetleri de Osmanlı istihbarat unsurlarınca titizlikle takip edilmiştir. Osmanlı sınırlarında meydana gelmesi muhtemel her hareket Babıali'ye bildirilmiş, askeri ve siyasi tedbirlerin alınması istenmiştir. İncelenen istihbarat raporları Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'nun Balkanlarda tesis etmeye çalıştığı sükunet ve otoritesinin her cenahtan saldırıya uğradığını ortaya koymuştur.
Supplying informatics material about any subject by using various possibilities and means is called intelligence. Ottoman Empire, which embodied the information and accumulation of Turkish and Islamic states, supplied intelligence in Classical Period through various sources such as spies, interpreters, ambassadors, raiders, slaves and foreigners who were estranged to their countries. The intelligence data obtained made it easier for Ottoman Empire to extend its borders and to establish authority in the Balkans. Ottoman Empire, which did not institutionalize until Sultan Abdülmecid, gained an organized structure with Abdülhamit II. During the reign of Abdülhamit II in which all Balkans became a nation state except Macedonia, Sultan Abdülhamit who wanted to establish authority tried to be informed about military, political and intellectual developments in the Balkans with Yıldız Secret Service he established. Intelligence reports from Ottoman Archives show that Bulgaria, Greece and Serbia in the Balkans openly started military attempts to Ottoman Empire and made military manoeuvres and imported military equipment. Montenegro is separated from other Balkan countries. Although Montenegro-Ottoman relationships were seemingly good as a result of the Balkan policy of Abdülhamit II, Montenegro did not refrain from making war preparations whenever possible. Except for military and logistic mobility, activities of gangs/committees and publications were also closely followed by Ottoman intelligence. Every movement possible to occur at the borders of Ottoman Empire was reported to Babıali and military and political measures were asked to be taken. Intelligence reports examined showed that the peace and authority Ottoman Empire tried to establish in the Balkans was attacked from all sides.
Supplying informatics material about any subject by using various possibilities and means is called intelligence. Ottoman Empire, which embodied the information and accumulation of Turkish and Islamic states, supplied intelligence in Classical Period through various sources such as spies, interpreters, ambassadors, raiders, slaves and foreigners who were estranged to their countries. The intelligence data obtained made it easier for Ottoman Empire to extend its borders and to establish authority in the Balkans. Ottoman Empire, which did not institutionalize until Sultan Abdülmecid, gained an organized structure with Abdülhamit II. During the reign of Abdülhamit II in which all Balkans became a nation state except Macedonia, Sultan Abdülhamit who wanted to establish authority tried to be informed about military, political and intellectual developments in the Balkans with Yıldız Secret Service he established. Intelligence reports from Ottoman Archives show that Bulgaria, Greece and Serbia in the Balkans openly started military attempts to Ottoman Empire and made military manoeuvres and imported military equipment. Montenegro is separated from other Balkan countries. Although Montenegro-Ottoman relationships were seemingly good as a result of the Balkan policy of Abdülhamit II, Montenegro did not refrain from making war preparations whenever possible. Except for military and logistic mobility, activities of gangs/committees and publications were also closely followed by Ottoman intelligence. Every movement possible to occur at the borders of Ottoman Empire was reported to Babıali and military and political measures were asked to be taken. Intelligence reports examined showed that the peace and authority Ottoman Empire tried to establish in the Balkans was attacked from all sides.
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Tez (yüksek lisans) -- Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, 2018
Libra Kayıt No: 122091
Libra Kayıt No: 122091
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