Publication: Tip 2 Diyabetli Bireylerde Akdeniz Diyetine Uyumun Serum Fibroblast Büyüme Faktörü-21 (fgf21) Seviyeleri İle Glukoz Metabolizması Üzerine Etkilerinin İncelenmesi
Abstract
Tip 2 Diyabet (T2D), insülin direnci ve/veya sekresyon bozukluklarına bağlı gelişen, yönetiminde özellikle Akdeniz Diyeti gibi sağlıklı beslenme modellerinin önem kazandığı metabolik bir hastalıktır. Metabolik süreçlerde etkili bir hormon olan Fibroblast Büyüme Faktörü 21 (FGF21), glukoz ve lipid metabolizmasındaki düzenleyici rolleriyle öne çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, T2D'li ve sağlıklı bireylerde Akdeniz Diyetine uyum düzeylerinin serum FGF21 düzeyleri ve glisemik parametreler ile ilişkilerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma, Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi İç Hastalıkları Endokrinoloji Polikliniği'ne başvuran, 20–65 yaş aralığında, 40 T2D hastası (çalışma grubu) ve 41 sağlıklı (kontrol grubu) birey olmak üzere toplam 81 katılımcı ile yürütülmüştür. Katılımcılardan yüz yüze görüşmelerle demografik bilgileri, beslenme alışkanlıkları, biyokimyasal bulguları ve antropometrik ölçümleri toplanmıştır. Ayrıca Akdeniz Diyeti Bağlılık Ölçeği (MEDAS), Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi (IPAQ) ve Çok İşlenmiş Besin Tüketimi Kısa Tarama Anketi (sQ-HPF) kullanılmış; serum FGF21 düzeyleri ELISA yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. Katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 45,65 ± 13,77 yıl olup, %70,4'ü (n=57) kadın ve %29,6'sı (n=24) erkektir. Çalışma bulgularına göre, Akdeniz Diyetine uyum düzeyleri açısından gruplar arasında anlamlı fark bulunmamıştır (p>0,05) ancak MEDAS skoru ile bazı antropometrik ölçümler (bel, kalça ve boyun çevreleri) arasında negatif; HDL kolesterol arasında pozitif yönlü anlamlı ilişki gözlenmiştir (p<0,05). FGF21 düzeylerinin, T2D grubunda sağlıklı gruba kıyasla daha düşük olduğu saptanmıştır (p=0,008) ancak Akdeniz Diyetine uyum ile FGF21 düzeyleri arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmamıştır (p>0,05). Genel örneklemde, FGF21 düzeyleri ile bazı biyokimyasal bulgular (HbA1c ve trigliserit) ve antropometrik ölçümler (vücut ağırlığı, beden kütle indeksi ve bel çevresi) arasında negatif yönlü ilişki saptanmıştır (p<0,05). Sonuç olarak, Akdeniz Diyetine uyum ile FGF21 düzeyleri arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunamamış olmakla birlikte çalışma grubunda FGF21 düzeylerinin daha düşük olması, diyabetin metabolik sonuçlarının yönetiminde diyetin rolüne işaret eder niteliktedir. Ayrıca, FGF21'in T2D'in metabolik kontrolünde potansiyel bir biyobelirteç olabileceği, ancak bu konuda daha kapsamlı ve uzun süreli çalışmalara ihtiyaç olduğu düşünülmektedir.
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) is a metabolic disorder resulting from insulin resistance and/or impaired insulin secretion, in which healthy dietary models, particularly the Mediterranean diet, have gained importance in disease management. Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 (FGF21), a hormone involved in metabolic processes, has been highlighted for its regulatory roles in glucose and lipid metabolism. This study aimed to investigate the associations between adherence to the Mediterranean diet, serum FGF21 levels, and glycemic parameters in individuals with and without T2D. The study was conducted with 81 participants, including 40 individuals with T2D (study group) and 41 healthy individuals (control group), aged 20–65 years, who applied to the Endocrinology Outpatient Clinic of Karadeniz Technical University. Demographic characteristics, dietary habits, biochemical parameters, and anthropometric measurements were collected through face-to-face interviews. The Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS), the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and the Short Questionnaire for Highly Processed Food Consumption (sQ-HPF) were administered. Serum FGF21 levels were analyzed using the ELISA method. The participants had a mean age of 45.65 ± 13.77 years; 70.4% (n=57) were female and 29.6% (n=24) were male. According to the findings, there was no statistically significant difference in Mediterranean diet adherence between groups (p>0.05) however, MEDAS scores showed significant negative correlations with certain anthropometric measurements (waist, hip, and neck circumferences) and a positive correlation with HDL cholesterol levels (p<0.05). Serum FGF21 levels were significantly lower in the T2D group compared to healthy individuals (p=0.008) but no significant correlation was found between FGF21 levels and Mediterranean diet adherence (p>0.05). In the overall sample, FGF21 levels were negatively correlated with certain biochemical parameters (HbA1c and triglyceride) and anthropometric measures (body weight, BMI, and waist circumference) (p<0.05). In conclusion, although no significant association was found between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and FGF21 levels, the lower FGF21 levels in the study group may suggest a role of diet in managing the metabolic outcomes of diabetes. Moreover, FGF21 may be a potential biomarker in the metabolic control of T2D; however, further comprehensive and long-term studies are needed to clarify this relationship.
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) is a metabolic disorder resulting from insulin resistance and/or impaired insulin secretion, in which healthy dietary models, particularly the Mediterranean diet, have gained importance in disease management. Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 (FGF21), a hormone involved in metabolic processes, has been highlighted for its regulatory roles in glucose and lipid metabolism. This study aimed to investigate the associations between adherence to the Mediterranean diet, serum FGF21 levels, and glycemic parameters in individuals with and without T2D. The study was conducted with 81 participants, including 40 individuals with T2D (study group) and 41 healthy individuals (control group), aged 20–65 years, who applied to the Endocrinology Outpatient Clinic of Karadeniz Technical University. Demographic characteristics, dietary habits, biochemical parameters, and anthropometric measurements were collected through face-to-face interviews. The Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS), the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and the Short Questionnaire for Highly Processed Food Consumption (sQ-HPF) were administered. Serum FGF21 levels were analyzed using the ELISA method. The participants had a mean age of 45.65 ± 13.77 years; 70.4% (n=57) were female and 29.6% (n=24) were male. According to the findings, there was no statistically significant difference in Mediterranean diet adherence between groups (p>0.05) however, MEDAS scores showed significant negative correlations with certain anthropometric measurements (waist, hip, and neck circumferences) and a positive correlation with HDL cholesterol levels (p<0.05). Serum FGF21 levels were significantly lower in the T2D group compared to healthy individuals (p=0.008) but no significant correlation was found between FGF21 levels and Mediterranean diet adherence (p>0.05). In the overall sample, FGF21 levels were negatively correlated with certain biochemical parameters (HbA1c and triglyceride) and anthropometric measures (body weight, BMI, and waist circumference) (p<0.05). In conclusion, although no significant association was found between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and FGF21 levels, the lower FGF21 levels in the study group may suggest a role of diet in managing the metabolic outcomes of diabetes. Moreover, FGF21 may be a potential biomarker in the metabolic control of T2D; however, further comprehensive and long-term studies are needed to clarify this relationship.
Description
Citation
WoS Q
Scopus Q
Source
Volume
Issue
Start Page
End Page
123
