Publication: Crossiella Sp. Sn42'nin Prostat Kanseri Hücre Hattı Üzerindeki Sitotoksik Potansiyelinin Araştırılması
Abstract
Crossiella sp. SN42 (SN42), tüm genom dizilemesi sonucu Actinobacteria üyesi yeni tür olarak tanımlanmış bir bakteridir. Aktinomisetlerin en karakteristik özelliği sekonder metabolit (SM) sentezleme yetenekleridir. Crossiella cinsi, sadece 2 üyesi olan nadir Aktinomiset cinslerinden biridir. Bu nedenle SN42 biyoteknolojik açıdan önemli bir potansiyel taşımaktadır. SM'ler düşük toksisite ve yan etkileri nedeniyle antibiyotik ve antikanser ilaçların tasarımında öne çıkmaktadır. SN42'nin tüm genom verisi üzerinde in silico olarak 4 biyoinformatik araçla (AntiSMASH, RAST, ARTS, TYGS) genom madenciliği yapılmış ve biyosentetik gen kümeleri (BGC) taranmıştır. SN42'nin 13 tane PKS BGC'sinden 5'i veri tabanındaki milyonlarca BGC ile homoloji göstermemiştir. Bu yeni BGC'lerden sentezlenen yeni SM'lerin antikanser etkinlik göstermesi kuvvetle muhtemeldir. Bu amaçla SN42, fermentasyon sıvısı metanol ile ekstrakte edilerek ham ekstraktı elde edilmiştir. WST-8 ile prostat kanseri (LNCaP) ve sağlıklı prostat epitel (WMPMY-1) hücre hatlarında sitotoksisite araştırılmıştır. LNCaP için 24 saatlik IC50 değeri 13.15 mg/ml, WPMY-1 için 17.91 mg/ml olarak belirlenmiştir. Hücre ölümünün hangi yolaktan yürüdüğünü belirlemek için CASP3, CASP8 ve CASP9 apoptoz markırı, LC3-II otofaji markırı, RIPK1 nekroptoz markırı genlerinin ekspresyon değişimleri Real-Time PCR ile değerlendirilmiştir. LNCaP hücrelerinde Caspase-8 ve Caspase-9 ekpresyonunda anlamlı derece artış gözlenmiştir. WPMY-1 hücrelerinde Caspase-3, Caspase-8 ve Caspase-9 anlamlı bir azalış görülmüştür. RIPK1 ekpresyonu, WPMY-1 hücrelerinde anlamlı derecede azalmıştır. LC3-II ekspresyonu LNCaP hücrelerinde anlamlı derecede artmıştır. Sonuç olarak SN42'nin kanserli hücrelerde, sağlıklı hücreye kıyasla daha toksik olduğu ve kanserli hücreyi ölüme götüren mekanizmanın apoptoz olabileceği belirlenmiştir.
Crossiella sp. SN42 (SN42) is a bacterium that has been identified as a new species of Actinobacteria member as a result of whole genome sequencing. The most characteristic feature of actinomycetes is their ability to synthesize secondary metabolites (SM). The genus Crossiella is one of the rare Actinomycete genera with only 2 members. Therefore, SN42 has an important potential from a biotechnological point of view. SMs are prominent in the design of antibiotic and anticancer drugs due to their low toxicity and side effects. Genome mining was performed on SN42's whole genome data in silico with 4 bioinformatics tools (AntiSMASH, RAST, ARTS, TYGS) and biosynthetic gene clusters (BGC) were scanned. Of the 13 PKS BGCs of SN42, 5 did not show homology with the millions of BGCs in the database. It is highly likely that the new SMS synthesized from these new BGCs will show anticancer activity. For this purpose, SN42 was extracted with fermentation liquid methanol and the raw extract was obtained. Cytotoxicity has been investigated in prostate cancer (LNCaP) and healthy prostate epithelial (WMPMY-1) cell lines with WST-8. A significant increase in Caspase-8 and Caspase-9 expression was observed in LNCaP cells. A significant decrease in Caspase-3, Caspase-8 and Caspase-9 was observed in WPMY-1 cells. The expression of RIPK1 is significantly decreased in WPMY-1 cells. The expression of LC3-II is significantly increased in LNCaP cells. As a result, it was determined that SN42 is more toxic in cancerous cells compared to healthy cells, and apoptosis may be the mechanism that leads the cancerous cell to death.
Crossiella sp. SN42 (SN42) is a bacterium that has been identified as a new species of Actinobacteria member as a result of whole genome sequencing. The most characteristic feature of actinomycetes is their ability to synthesize secondary metabolites (SM). The genus Crossiella is one of the rare Actinomycete genera with only 2 members. Therefore, SN42 has an important potential from a biotechnological point of view. SMs are prominent in the design of antibiotic and anticancer drugs due to their low toxicity and side effects. Genome mining was performed on SN42's whole genome data in silico with 4 bioinformatics tools (AntiSMASH, RAST, ARTS, TYGS) and biosynthetic gene clusters (BGC) were scanned. Of the 13 PKS BGCs of SN42, 5 did not show homology with the millions of BGCs in the database. It is highly likely that the new SMS synthesized from these new BGCs will show anticancer activity. For this purpose, SN42 was extracted with fermentation liquid methanol and the raw extract was obtained. Cytotoxicity has been investigated in prostate cancer (LNCaP) and healthy prostate epithelial (WMPMY-1) cell lines with WST-8. A significant increase in Caspase-8 and Caspase-9 expression was observed in LNCaP cells. A significant decrease in Caspase-3, Caspase-8 and Caspase-9 was observed in WPMY-1 cells. The expression of RIPK1 is significantly decreased in WPMY-1 cells. The expression of LC3-II is significantly increased in LNCaP cells. As a result, it was determined that SN42 is more toxic in cancerous cells compared to healthy cells, and apoptosis may be the mechanism that leads the cancerous cell to death.
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