Publication: Sağ Transradyal ve Sol Transradyal Erişim ile Yapılan Perkutan Koroner Girişimlerde Sessiz Serebral İskemi Sıklığının Araştırılması
Abstract
AMAÇ: Sessiz serebral iskemi (SSI) biyokimyasal markerlar veya kranial görüntüleme yöntemleri ile ortaya çıkartılabilen ancak klinik bulgu vermeyen bir tablodur. Perkutan koroner girişimler (PKG) başta olmak üzere birçok kardiyolojik işlem sonrası SSI sıklığının arttığı çalışmalarda gösterilmiştir. Çalışmamızda PKG sırasında kullanılan radial arter tarafının SSI gelişme riski açısından rol oynayıp oynamadığını araştırmayı amaçladık. ARAÇLAR VE YÖNTEM: Çalışmaya transradyal erişim ile PKG uygulanacak olan hastalar dahil edildi. Hastalar sağ radyal ve sol radyal olarak iki gruba ayrıldı. Ardışık olarak çalışmaya dahil edilen 197 hastanın 99 tanesine sağ radyal erişim ile 98 tanesine de sol radyal erişim ile PKG uygulandı. İşlem öncesi ve işlemden 18 saat sonra Nöron Spesifik Enolaz (NSE) değerleri ölçülüp kaydedildi. İşlem sonrası NSE düzeyinin 20 ng/dl'den yüksek olması SSI olarak değerlendirildi. BULGULAR: Hastaların %69.5'i erkek ve yaş ortalaması 62± idi. Sağ radyal grupta kullanılan katater sayısı (P<0.001) ve toplam malzeme sayısı (p=0,012) istatistiksel olarak daha azdı. Ayrıca sağ radyal grupta subklavyen tortiyozite varlığı ve kullanılan kontrast miktarı daha fazla olma eğilimindeydi. 197 hastanın 60 tanesinde SSI gelişti. Sağ radyal grupta %37,4 (n=37) sol radyal grupta %23,5 (n=23) oranında NSE yüksekliği izlendi (p=0,034). SSI meydana gelen hastalarda sigara içme (p=0,043), subklavyen tortiyozite varlığı (p=0,027) ve HbA1c (p=0,031) daha yüksek orandaydı. Çok değişkenli lojistik regresyon analizinde sigara içmek (OR:2,088 %95 GA 1,105-3,944 p=0,023), sağ transradyal erişim ile PKG uygulanması (OR:2,104 %95 GA 1,102-3,995 p=0,023) ve düşük EF (OR:0,958 %95 GA 0,920-0,998 p=0,039) NSE yüksekliğinin bağımsız belirteçleri olarak izlendi. SONUÇLAR: Sağ radyal PKG'lerde sol radyal PKG'lere göre SSI oranları daha fazla görüldü. Sigara kullanımı, düşük EF ve sağ radyal tercih PKG uygulanan hastalarda SSİ'nin bağımsız belirteçleriydi. Ayrıca kötü diyabet kontrolüne bağlı artmış HbA1c yüksekliğinin SSI riskini arttırtığı gösterildi. Anahtar Kelimeler: Koroner Girişim, Nöron Spesifik Enolaz, Sessiz Serebral İskemi, İnme, Transradyal
INTRODUCTION: Silent cerebral ischemia (SCI) is defined as a condition that can be detected by biochemical markers or cranial imaging methods, but does not produce clinical symptom. Studies show that the frequency of SCI increases after many cardiological procedures, especially percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI). This study aims both to compare the frequency of SCI in PCIs performed with right transradial access and left transradial access and to evaluate the influencing factors. TOOLS AND METHODS: Patients who underwent PCI with transradial access were examined in the study. The patients were divided into two groups as right radial and left radial. Out of a total of 197 patients included in the study, PCI was performed consecutively in 99 patients with right radial Access and 98 patients with left radial access. Neuron Specific Enolase (NSE) values were measured and recorded before and 18 hours after the procedure. Higher than 20 ng/dl post-procedure NSE level was defined as SCI. RESULTS: The majority of the patients were male (%69,5). The mean age was 62 years. The number of catheters used (p<0.001) and the total number of materials (p=0.012) were statistically less in the right radial group. In addition, the presence of subclavian tortuosity and the amount of contrast used tended to be greater in the right radial group. SCI occurred in 60 of the 197 patients. NSE elevation was observed at a rate of %37.4 (n=37) in the right radial group and %23.5 (n=23) in the left radial group (p=0.032). Patients with SCI had higher rates of smoking (p=0.043), presence of subclavian tortuosity (p=0.027) and HbA1c (p=0.031). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, level of EF (ejection fraction) (OR:0.954 %95 CI 0.910-0.997, p=0.038), subclavian thortiosity (OR:0.396 %95 GA 0.154-0.948 p=0.037) and smoking (OR:2.062 %95 GA 1.071-3.970, p=0.030) were observed as independent variables of NSE elevation. DISCUSSION: SCI rates were higher in right radial PCIs than left radial PCIs. Smoking, low EF level, and presence of subclavian tortuosity were independent predictors of SSI in patients who underwent PCI. In addition, increased HbA1c elevation due to poor diabetes control were observed to increase the risk of SCI. Keywords: Coronary intervention, Neurone spesific enolase, Silent cerebral ischemia, Stroke, Transradial
INTRODUCTION: Silent cerebral ischemia (SCI) is defined as a condition that can be detected by biochemical markers or cranial imaging methods, but does not produce clinical symptom. Studies show that the frequency of SCI increases after many cardiological procedures, especially percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI). This study aims both to compare the frequency of SCI in PCIs performed with right transradial access and left transradial access and to evaluate the influencing factors. TOOLS AND METHODS: Patients who underwent PCI with transradial access were examined in the study. The patients were divided into two groups as right radial and left radial. Out of a total of 197 patients included in the study, PCI was performed consecutively in 99 patients with right radial Access and 98 patients with left radial access. Neuron Specific Enolase (NSE) values were measured and recorded before and 18 hours after the procedure. Higher than 20 ng/dl post-procedure NSE level was defined as SCI. RESULTS: The majority of the patients were male (%69,5). The mean age was 62 years. The number of catheters used (p<0.001) and the total number of materials (p=0.012) were statistically less in the right radial group. In addition, the presence of subclavian tortuosity and the amount of contrast used tended to be greater in the right radial group. SCI occurred in 60 of the 197 patients. NSE elevation was observed at a rate of %37.4 (n=37) in the right radial group and %23.5 (n=23) in the left radial group (p=0.032). Patients with SCI had higher rates of smoking (p=0.043), presence of subclavian tortuosity (p=0.027) and HbA1c (p=0.031). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, level of EF (ejection fraction) (OR:0.954 %95 CI 0.910-0.997, p=0.038), subclavian thortiosity (OR:0.396 %95 GA 0.154-0.948 p=0.037) and smoking (OR:2.062 %95 GA 1.071-3.970, p=0.030) were observed as independent variables of NSE elevation. DISCUSSION: SCI rates were higher in right radial PCIs than left radial PCIs. Smoking, low EF level, and presence of subclavian tortuosity were independent predictors of SSI in patients who underwent PCI. In addition, increased HbA1c elevation due to poor diabetes control were observed to increase the risk of SCI. Keywords: Coronary intervention, Neurone spesific enolase, Silent cerebral ischemia, Stroke, Transradial
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Keywords
Kardiyoloji, Anjiyoplasti, Beyin İskemisi, Cerrahi İşlemler-Minimal Girişimsel, Cerrahi-Kardiyovasküler, Koroner Arter Hastalığı, Cardiology, Angioplasty, Nöron Spesifik Enolaz, Brain Ischemia, Surgical Procedures-Minimally Invasive, Serebrovasküler Bozukluklar, Surgery-Cardiovascular, Coronary Artery Disease, Serebrovasküler Dolaşım, Neuron Specific Enolase, Cerebrovascular Disorders, İnme, Cerebrovascular Circulation, Stroke, İskemi, Ischemia
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