Sensors Based on Semiconductors

Abstract

Semiconductor sensors are pivotal components in various industries, offering a wide array of applications and innovations. This chapter explores the diverse uses of semiconductor sensors, starting with the development of gas sensors based on metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), known for their exceptional sensitivity and selectivity in detecting dangerous gases. It proceeds to delve into the fabrication and functionalization of semiconductor sensors from MOFs, shedding light on their production methods. The discussion extends to nanostructured semiconductor sensors, with a focus on their crucial role in medical diagnostics and environmental monitoring. Detailed scrutiny of fabrication techniques reveals the secrets behind their performance. The chapter highlights the utility of inorganic semiconductors in photoelectrochemical sensors, particularly in harnessing renewable energy sources. Further, it explores nanowires and 2D semiconductor sensors, emphasizing their potential in diverse sensing applications. The importance of semiconductor-based heavy metal detection sensors for environmental protection is emphasized. The chapter also delves into flexible polymer semiconductor-based sensors, showcasing their adaptability in wearable technology. The culmination of the chapter is a cutting-edge analysis of ultra-sensitive and selective hybrid semiconductor biosensors, outlining their recent developments and their potential to revolutionize medical diagnostics. Throughout, the chapter underscores the pivotal role of semiconductor sensors in shaping technology. © 2025 selection and editorial matter, Ram K. Gupta, individual chapters, the contributors.