Publication: Endoskopik Retrograd Kolanjiopankreatografi Yapılan Hastaların Tekrarlayan Ercp İhtiyacı Açısından Risk Faktörlerinin Belirlenmesi
Abstract
Amaç: Bu tez çalışması, biliyer obstrüksiyon nedeniyle ERCP uygulanan hastalarda tekrarlayan ERCP gereksinimine yol açan klinik, anatomik ve prosedürel risk faktörlerini belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada, rekürrens riskini artıran faktörlerin tanımlanarak, hasta yönetiminin bireyselleştirilmesi, komplikasyonların azaltılması ve sağlık kaynaklarının daha verimli kullanılması hedeflenmiştir. Gereç: Bu kapsamda, retrospektif olarak değerlendirilen hasta grubunda demografik, klinik, endoskopik ve laboratuvar veriler analiz edilerek, önleyici stratejilere temel oluşturacak risk modelleri geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. 20–96 yaş aralığındaki 484 hastada gerçekleştirilen ERCP işlemleri değerlendirilmiş ve tekrarlayan ERCP gereksinimini etkileyen faktörler analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular: Takip süresinde hastaların %50'sinde yeniden ERCP ihtiyacı gelişmiş. Önceki ERCP öyküsü ve erkek cinsiyet, stent yerleştirilmesi, kronik pankreatit ve papilla anomalileri tekrarlayan ERCP için bağımsız risk faktörleri olarak belirlenmiştir. Kolesistektomi uygulanmış hastalarda tekrar girişim ihtiyacı %38 oranında azalmışken; üst gastrointestinal cerrahi (özellikle Billroth ve gastrektomi) geçirenlerde risk artmıştır. Karaciğer transplantasyonu sonrası anatomik değişiklikler de stent ve tekrar ERCP oranını artırmıştır. ALP, GGT, koledok çapı ve taş/debris varlığı gibi parametrelerin ise tekrar ERCP ile anlamlı ilişkisi gösterilememiştir. Ayrıca, tekrar ERCP oranlarının yüksekliğinde yalnızca hasta ve hastalık özelliklerinin değil, aynı zamanda merkezin üçüncü basamak sevk hastanesi olması, personel deneyimi ve teknik donanım farklılıkları gibi yapısal faktörlerin de etkili olabileceği düşünülmektedir. Sonuç: Bu bulgular, yüksek riskli hasta gruplarının erken tanımlanması, bireyselleştirilmiş takip stratejilerinin geliştirilmesi ve gereksiz tekrar girişimlerin önlenmesi açısından klinik pratiğe katkı sağlayabilecek öngörü modellerinin oluşturulmasına temel teşkil etmektedir. ANAHTAR SÖZCÜKLER: Endoskopik retrograd kolanjiopankreatografi (ERCP), biliyer obstruksiyon, rekkürens
Objective: This thesis aims to identify the clinical, anatomical, and procedural risk factors contributing to the need for repeated Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in patients undergoing the procedure due to biliary obstruction. The study seeks to determine recurrence-related predictors in order to facilitate individualized patient management, reduce complication rates, and promote more efficient use of healthcare resources. Materials and Methods: In this context, a retrospective analysis was conducted on a patient cohort to assess demographic, clinical, endoscopic, and laboratory parameters. The goal was to develop risk models that could serve as a basis for preventive strategies. A total of 484 patients, aged between 20 and 96 years, who underwent ERCP were evaluated, and factors associated with the need for repeated procedures were analyzed. Results: During the follow-up period, 50% of patients required a repeat ERCP. Prior history of ERCP, male sex, stent placement, chronic pancreatitis, and papillary anatomical abnormalities were identified as independent risk factors for repeated procedures. The need for reintervention was reduced by approximately 38% in patients who had undergone cholecystectomy, whereas it was significantly increased in those with prior upper gastrointestinal surgeries—particularly Billroth and gastrectomy. Anatomical alterations following liver transplantation were also associated with increased rates of stent placement and repeat ERCP. Conversely, parameters such as ALP, GGT, common bile duct diameter, and the presence of stones or debris were not significantly associated with repeated ERCP. Additionally, the high frequency of repeat procedures may be attributed not only to patient- and disease-related factors but also to structural factors such as the institution's status as a tertiary referral center, variability in staff experience, and limitations in technical infrastructure. Conclusion: These findings provide a foundation for the development of predictive models that can inform clinical practice by enabling early identification of high-risk patients, guiding the creation of personalized follow-up strategies, and minimizing unnecessary repeat interventions. KEYWORDS: Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Biliary obstruction, Recurrence
Objective: This thesis aims to identify the clinical, anatomical, and procedural risk factors contributing to the need for repeated Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in patients undergoing the procedure due to biliary obstruction. The study seeks to determine recurrence-related predictors in order to facilitate individualized patient management, reduce complication rates, and promote more efficient use of healthcare resources. Materials and Methods: In this context, a retrospective analysis was conducted on a patient cohort to assess demographic, clinical, endoscopic, and laboratory parameters. The goal was to develop risk models that could serve as a basis for preventive strategies. A total of 484 patients, aged between 20 and 96 years, who underwent ERCP were evaluated, and factors associated with the need for repeated procedures were analyzed. Results: During the follow-up period, 50% of patients required a repeat ERCP. Prior history of ERCP, male sex, stent placement, chronic pancreatitis, and papillary anatomical abnormalities were identified as independent risk factors for repeated procedures. The need for reintervention was reduced by approximately 38% in patients who had undergone cholecystectomy, whereas it was significantly increased in those with prior upper gastrointestinal surgeries—particularly Billroth and gastrectomy. Anatomical alterations following liver transplantation were also associated with increased rates of stent placement and repeat ERCP. Conversely, parameters such as ALP, GGT, common bile duct diameter, and the presence of stones or debris were not significantly associated with repeated ERCP. Additionally, the high frequency of repeat procedures may be attributed not only to patient- and disease-related factors but also to structural factors such as the institution's status as a tertiary referral center, variability in staff experience, and limitations in technical infrastructure. Conclusion: These findings provide a foundation for the development of predictive models that can inform clinical practice by enabling early identification of high-risk patients, guiding the creation of personalized follow-up strategies, and minimizing unnecessary repeat interventions. KEYWORDS: Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Biliary obstruction, Recurrence
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