Dietary Inflammatory Index Score and Its Association With Body Mass Index, Body Fat Percentage, Body Fat Mass, and Lipid Profile in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis

Abstract

Background/aim: Multiple sclerosis (MS) may cause modifications in body composition, particularly for body fat associated with obesity and some biochemical parameters such as lipid profiles. We investigated whether there is a link between the inflammatory contents of diets and body composition and lipid profiles in patients with MS. Materials and methods: This was a cross-sectional study that included 85 MS patients. The study data of the patients were collected in the Neurology Clinic of Ondokuz Mayis University's Health Practice and Research Center. The data included demographic characteristics; anthropometric measurements such as body weight, height, body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, body fat mass, body fat-free mass, and waist-hip ratio; and biochemical parameters such as high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride, and total cholesterol. Results: The body fat percentages of the patients were higher among those with proinflammatory diets (p < 0.05). Body fat percentage had a positive and very weak correlation with the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) score (rho = 0.206 and rho = 0.217, respectively; p < 0.05). HDL-c levels were higher in the group with high DII scores and there was a positive and weak correlation between HDL-c and DII scores (rho = 0.307, p < 0.05). Crude and adjusted linear regression models showed that the effect of HDL-c on DII scores was significant (p < 0.05). Conclusion: We showed that DII scores, associated with the inflammatory potential of the diet and proinflammatory diets, may be associated with adiposity in MS patients and can be used from a clinical point of view for assessment.