Prevalence of Asthma and Respiratory Symptoms by Age, Gender and Smoking Behaviour in Samsun, North Anatolia Turkey

Abstract

Asthma is a major health problem worldwide. This is the first study determining the prevalence of asthma among adults in Samsun which is situated in the centre of the Black Sea region of Turkey. The aim of our study was to assess the prevalence of asthma and asthmatic symptoms, and the relationships of these with age, gender and smoking behaviour in this region. A questionnaire interview adapted from the European Respiratory Community Health Survey (ERCHS) was performed by health centre officers with selected people between November-December, 2002. The study population included a total of 1.916 [810 men (42.3%) and 1.106 women (57.7%)] inhabitants of Samsun city center, aged 15 years of age or above. The mean age was 37.8 years +/- 15.5, the prevalence of asthma was 2.7%, receiving asthma medicine was 2.2%, the prevalence of wheezing in the last 12 months was 15.5% and shortness of breath with wheezing was 11.6%. The frequency of symptoms was higher among the elderly population when compared to other groups (p< 0.0001). Asthma diagnosis by a physician was more frequent among women(chi(2)= 5.16, p< 0.05). Morning cough, day time cough, chronic cough, phlegmy cough and waking up with cough symptoms were more frequent among the smokers (p< 0.001). Asthma diagnosis and asthma treatment are at a very low level compared to reported asthma related symptoms.