Publication: Sünnetin Topluma Aktarılmasında Kırk Hadisin Rolü
Abstract
Bu tez çalışması, sünnetin topluma aktarılmasında kırk hadislerin rolünü ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Kırk hadis geleneğinin tarihî gelişimini, yapısal özelliklerini, içeriklerini ve günümüze yansımalarını ele almayı hedeflemektedir. Araştırmada farklı yüzyıllardan olmasına dikkat ederek, çeşitli dönemlerden seçtiğimiz on kırk hadis seçkisi incelenmiş, sünnetin topluma aktarılmasında kırk hadis seçkilerinin etkilerine odaklanılmıştır. Ayrıca günümüz toplumunun değişen ihtiyaçları ve karşı karşıya kaldığı ahlâkî krizler karşısında kırk hadis geleneğinin yeniden nasıl işlevselleştirilebileceği sorusuna da yanıt aranmaya çalışılmıştır. Dört bölümden oluşan çalışmanın ilk bölümünde; kırk hadis geleneğinin tarihî gelişim sürecini ortaya koyarak, kırk hadis geleneğinin anlamı, kırk sayısının önemi, kırk hadis yazma niyetleri ele alınmıştır. İkinci bölümde; kırk hadis seçkileri ve toplumsal yapı arasındaki ilişki ele alınarak, çeşitli dönemlere ait kırk hadis seçkileri arasındaki benzerlik ve farklılıklar değerlendirilmiştir. Molla Câmî, Mevlânâ İdris-i Bitlisî, Taşköprîzade Kemaleddin, Seyyid Vehbî, Manastırlı Hasan b. Ali, Trabzonlu Zühdi'nin, Enver Tunçalp, İsmet Özel, Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı ve Din Öğretimi Genel Müdürlüğü tarafından hazırlanan seçkiler analiz edilmiştir. Üçüncü bölümde; Hz. Peygamber'in kullandığı ilke ve metodlar göz önünde bulundurularak, incelenen seçkilerden elde edilen bulguların, yeni oluşturulacak seçkilere yol göstermesi hedeflenmiştir. Dördüncü bölümde ise; günümüz toplumunda ve gelecekte kırk hadis seçkilerinin mahiyeti üzerinde durulmuş, toplumun kırk hadislerle ilgili düşüncelerini tespit amacıyla; farklı yaş, meslek, cinsiyete sahip müslüman bireylere uygulanan anket sonuçları analiz edilmiştir. Günümüz ahlâkî problemlerine çözüm ve geleceğin inşasında kırk hadislerin yerinin tespiti amacıyla değerlendirmede bulunulmuştur. Bu amaçlara ulaşabilmek için nitel araştırma yöntemi tercih edilmiş, literatür taraması ve metin incelemesi tekniklerinden yararlanılmış, günümüz toplumunun kırk hadis derlemelerine yaklaşımını anlamak üzere yapılan saha çalışması sonuçlarının analiziyle konuya hem teorik hem uygulamalı bir bakış sunulmuştur. Bu tez, kırk hadis geleneğini sadece geçmişin bir mirası olarak değil sünnetin topluma aktarılmasında işlevsel, günümüzün ihtiyaçlarına cevap verebilecek dinamik ve dönüştürülebilir bir aktarım aracı olarak değerlendirmektedir.
This thesis aims to reveal the role of forty hadiths in the transmission of the sunnah to society. It aims to examine the historical development of the forty hadith tradition, its structural features, contents and reflections on the present day. In the research, ten forty hadith selections that we selected from different periods, paying attention to different centuries, were examined and the effects of the forty hadith selections in the transmission of the sunnah to society were focused on. In addition, an answer was sought to the question of how the forty hadith tradition can be re-functionalized in the face of the changing needs of today's society and the moral crises it faces. The first part of the study, which consists of four sections, examines the historical development process of the forty hadith tradition, the meaning of the forty hadith tradition, the importance of the number forty, and the intentions to write forty hadiths. The second part examines the relationship between the forty hadith selections and social structure, and evaluates the similarities and differences between the forty hadith selections from various periods. The selections prepared by Molla Câmî, Mevlânâ İdris-i Bitlisî, Taşköprîzade Kemaleddin, Seyyid Vehbî, Manastırlı Hasan b. Ali, Trabzonlu Zühdi'nin, Enver Tunçalp, İsmet Özel, the Presidency of Religious Affairs and the General Directorate of Religious Education (Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı ve Din Öğretimi Genel Müdürlüğü) were analyzed. The third part aims to guide the newly created selections by considering the principles and methods used by the Prophet. In the fourth section, the nature of the forty hadith selections in today's society and in the future is emphasized, and in order to determine the society's thoughts on the forty hadiths; the results of the survey applied to individuals who stated that they were Muslims of different ages, professions and genders were analyzed. An evaluation was made in order to determine the place of the forty hadiths in solving today's moral problems and in building the future. In order to achieve these goals, the qualitative research method was preferred, literature review and text analysis techniques were used, and a theoretical and practical perspective was presented on the subject through the analysis of the results of the field study conducted to understand the approach of today's society to forty hadith compilations. This thesis evaluates the forty hadith tradition not only as a legacy of the past but also as a functional, dynamic and transformable transmission tool that can meet today's needs in transmitting the sunnah to society.
This thesis aims to reveal the role of forty hadiths in the transmission of the sunnah to society. It aims to examine the historical development of the forty hadith tradition, its structural features, contents and reflections on the present day. In the research, ten forty hadith selections that we selected from different periods, paying attention to different centuries, were examined and the effects of the forty hadith selections in the transmission of the sunnah to society were focused on. In addition, an answer was sought to the question of how the forty hadith tradition can be re-functionalized in the face of the changing needs of today's society and the moral crises it faces. The first part of the study, which consists of four sections, examines the historical development process of the forty hadith tradition, the meaning of the forty hadith tradition, the importance of the number forty, and the intentions to write forty hadiths. The second part examines the relationship between the forty hadith selections and social structure, and evaluates the similarities and differences between the forty hadith selections from various periods. The selections prepared by Molla Câmî, Mevlânâ İdris-i Bitlisî, Taşköprîzade Kemaleddin, Seyyid Vehbî, Manastırlı Hasan b. Ali, Trabzonlu Zühdi'nin, Enver Tunçalp, İsmet Özel, the Presidency of Religious Affairs and the General Directorate of Religious Education (Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı ve Din Öğretimi Genel Müdürlüğü) were analyzed. The third part aims to guide the newly created selections by considering the principles and methods used by the Prophet. In the fourth section, the nature of the forty hadith selections in today's society and in the future is emphasized, and in order to determine the society's thoughts on the forty hadiths; the results of the survey applied to individuals who stated that they were Muslims of different ages, professions and genders were analyzed. An evaluation was made in order to determine the place of the forty hadiths in solving today's moral problems and in building the future. In order to achieve these goals, the qualitative research method was preferred, literature review and text analysis techniques were used, and a theoretical and practical perspective was presented on the subject through the analysis of the results of the field study conducted to understand the approach of today's society to forty hadith compilations. This thesis evaluates the forty hadith tradition not only as a legacy of the past but also as a functional, dynamic and transformable transmission tool that can meet today's needs in transmitting the sunnah to society.
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