Publication: Samsun İli Atakum İlçesindeki Gebelerin Doğum Şekli Tercihlerinde Tıbbi Nedenli Olmayan Belirleyiciler
Abstract
Amaç: Bu araştırmada gebelerin doğum şekli tercihlerini ve bu tercihlere etkisi olabilecek tıbbi nedenli olmayan faktörleri belirlemek amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırmanın evrenini Samsun ili Atakum ilçesindeki aile sağlığı merkezlerine kayıtlı gebeler oluşturdu. Merkezlere antenatal takip amacıyla başvuran gebelere 20 Kasım 2019 - 20 Şubat 2020 tarihleri arasında araştırıcı gözetiminde anket uygulandı. Anket formu ile gebelerin sosyo-demografik özellikleri, gebeliğe ait özellikleri ve doğum şeklini etkileyebilecek durumları soruldu. İstatistiksel analizlerde Ki-kare Testi, Fisher Testi, McNemar Testi, Mann Whitney U Testi ve Lojistik Regresyon Analizi kullanıldı. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan 245 gebenin yaş ortanca 29,0 yıl, gebelik haftası ortanca 24,0 hafta bulundu. Gebelerin 135'i (%55,1) nullipar, 110'u (%44,9) multipardı. Seçme şansları olursa gebelerin 179'unun (%73,1) normal, 66'sının (%26,9) sezaryen doğumu tercih edeceği tespit edildi. Doğum şekli tercihi, eğitim durumu, çalışma durumu ve aylık gelir bakımından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık göstermedi. Yardımcı üreme tekniği ile gebe kalma ve önceki doğumun sezaryen oluşu, sezaryen doğumu istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede artırdı (sırasıyla p=0,001, p<0,001). Sezaryen doğum tercihlerinde ana nedenler; bebek ve anne için daha güvenli olduğu düşüncesi (sırasıyla %59,2, %57,1), normal doğum için yeterli güçte hissetmeme (%48,5), sık ve ağrılı vajinal muayeneden kaçınma isteği (%42,9), daha az komplikasyon gelişeceği düşüncesi (%35,3), ağrıdan korkma ve kaçınma (%31,3) şeklinde sıralandı. Normal doğum tercihlerinde ise ana nedenler; bebeğin sağlığı için daha faydalı olması (%80,3), daha doğal olduğu düşüncesi (%78,0), kendi sağlığı için daha faydalı olması (%76,6), emzirmeye erken başlama isteği (%65,2), erken taburcu olma ve toparlanma isteği (%59,7) şeklinde sıralandı. Tartışma ve Sonuç: Bu araştırma gebelerin antenal dönemde normal doğuma teşvik edilmesinin ve bilgi düzeylerinin yükseltilmesinin gerekliliğini ortaya koymaktadır. Geliştirilecek eğitim faaliyetleri ve müdahale programlarıyla sezaryen doğum oranlarının azaltılacağı ön görülmektedir. ANAHTAR SÖZCÜKLER, doğum şekli, normal doğum, sezaryen, anne isteği
Objective: In this research, it was aimed to determine the preferences of pregnant women's for mode of delivery and non-medical factors that may affect these preferences. Material and Method: The population of research consisted of pregnant women registered to Atakum district of Samsun province family health centers. A questionnaire was administered to pregnant women who applied to the centers for routine antenatal visits between 20 November 2019 - 20 February 2020. With the questionnaire form, sociodemographic features of the pregnant women, features of the pregnancy and situations that may affect the mode of delivery were asked. In statistical analysis, Chi-square Test, Fisher's Exact Test, McNemar's Test, Mann Whitney U Test and Logistic Regression Analysis were used. Results: The median age of 245 pregnant women in the study was 29.0 years, and the gestational week was median 24.0 weeks. 135 (55.1%) of the pregnant women were nulliparous and 110 (44.9%) were multiparous. If they had a option to choose, 179 (73.1%) of pregnant women would prefer to have a normal delivery, 66 (26.9%) of pregnant women would prefer to have a cesarean section. Mode of delivery was not statistically different in terms of education, employment status and monthly income. Being pregnant with the assisted reproductive technique, previous cesarean section was statistically significantly increased cesarean section (respectively p=0.001, p<0.001). The main reasons for cesarean section preferences are; the thought that it is safer for baby and mother health (respectively 59.2%, 57.1%), not feeling strong enough for normal delivery (48.5%), desire to avoid frequent and painful vaginal examination (42.9%), less complications the idea that it would develop (35.3%), fear of pain and avoiding pain (31.3%). The main reasons for normal delivery preferences are; it is more beneficial for baby's health (80.3%), it is more natural (78.0%), it is more beneficial for own health (76.6%), desire to start breastfeeding early (65.2%), desire to discharge and recovery early (59.7%). Discussion and Conclusion: This research revealed the necessity to encourage pregnant women to normal delivery in antenal period and to increase their knowledge levels. It is foreseen that the rates of cesarean delivery will be reduced with the training activities and intervention programs to be developed. KEYWORDS, delivery method, normal delivery, cesarean section, mother request
Objective: In this research, it was aimed to determine the preferences of pregnant women's for mode of delivery and non-medical factors that may affect these preferences. Material and Method: The population of research consisted of pregnant women registered to Atakum district of Samsun province family health centers. A questionnaire was administered to pregnant women who applied to the centers for routine antenatal visits between 20 November 2019 - 20 February 2020. With the questionnaire form, sociodemographic features of the pregnant women, features of the pregnancy and situations that may affect the mode of delivery were asked. In statistical analysis, Chi-square Test, Fisher's Exact Test, McNemar's Test, Mann Whitney U Test and Logistic Regression Analysis were used. Results: The median age of 245 pregnant women in the study was 29.0 years, and the gestational week was median 24.0 weeks. 135 (55.1%) of the pregnant women were nulliparous and 110 (44.9%) were multiparous. If they had a option to choose, 179 (73.1%) of pregnant women would prefer to have a normal delivery, 66 (26.9%) of pregnant women would prefer to have a cesarean section. Mode of delivery was not statistically different in terms of education, employment status and monthly income. Being pregnant with the assisted reproductive technique, previous cesarean section was statistically significantly increased cesarean section (respectively p=0.001, p<0.001). The main reasons for cesarean section preferences are; the thought that it is safer for baby and mother health (respectively 59.2%, 57.1%), not feeling strong enough for normal delivery (48.5%), desire to avoid frequent and painful vaginal examination (42.9%), less complications the idea that it would develop (35.3%), fear of pain and avoiding pain (31.3%). The main reasons for normal delivery preferences are; it is more beneficial for baby's health (80.3%), it is more natural (78.0%), it is more beneficial for own health (76.6%), desire to start breastfeeding early (65.2%), desire to discharge and recovery early (59.7%). Discussion and Conclusion: This research revealed the necessity to encourage pregnant women to normal delivery in antenal period and to increase their knowledge levels. It is foreseen that the rates of cesarean delivery will be reduced with the training activities and intervention programs to be developed. KEYWORDS, delivery method, normal delivery, cesarean section, mother request
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