Publication: Multiple Myelom Tanılı Hastaların Klinik Özellikleri, Sağkalımı Etkileyen Faktörler ve Tedavi Yanıtlarının Retrospektif Araştırılması
Abstract
Amaç: Çalışmamızda merkezimizde MM tanısı ile takip edilen hastaların klinik özellikleri, sağkalımı etkileyen faktörler ve tedavi yanıtlarının retrospektif olarak araştırmak ve literatüre Orta Karadeniz verileri ile katkı sağlanmak amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi Hematoloji Bilim Dalı'nda Ocak 2007 ile Aralık 2020 tarihleri arasında IMWG kriterlerine göre MM tanısı almış, tedavisi ve takipleri bu merkezde yapılmış ve dosyalarına ulaşılabilen 18 yaşından büyük 97 hasta çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Hastalar retrospektif olarak incelenerek tanı anındaki ve takiplerindeki verileri kaydedilmiştir. Bulgular: Hastaların %56,7'si erkek, %43,3'ü kadın olup erkek kadın oranı 1,31 olarak saptandı. Takip edilen MM hastalarında bir yıllık sağkalım oranı %85, üç yıllık sağkalım oranı %68, beş yıllık sağkalım oranı %56 ve on yıllık sağkalım oranı ise %27 saptandı. Hastaların %55,7'sinin sağ, %44,3'ünün ise takiplerde vefat ettiği görüldü. En sık ölüm nedeninin %39,5 ile hastalık progresyonuna bağlı ölüm olduğu görüldü. Yaş, trombositopeni, böbrek yetmezliği, albümin, β-2 mikroglobulin, MPV, CD56 negatifliği, osteolitik lezyon, kemik kırığı, hiperviskozite sendromu, ECOG skoru, ISS evresi ve RMC-I skoru OS üzerine etkili faktörler olarak tespit edildi. Birinci basamakta VCd alan hastaların yanıtları VAD ve Vd alan hastaların yanıtlarından istatiksel olarak anlamlı bulundu. Birinci basamak kemoterapi sonrası remisyona giren hastaların %41,2'sine OKİT uygulandığı ve OKİT uygulanan hastalarda daha uzun OS ve PFS olduğu saptandı. OKİT öncesi alınan kemoterapi ile OS ve PFS arasında anlamlı bir fark olmadığı sonucuna ulaşıldı. Tartışma ve Sonuç: Çalışmamızdaki MM hastalarının klinik özellikleri, sağkalımı etkileyen faktörler ve tedaviye alınan yanıtlar genel olarak literatür bilgisi ile uyumlu olarak bulundu. Anahtar Kelimeler: multiple myelom, tam yanıt, otolog kemik iliği nakli, prognoz, sağkalım
Objective: In our study, it was aimed to retrospectively investigate the clinical features, factors affecting survival, and treatment responses of patients followed up with the diagnosis of MM in our center, and to contribute to the literature with data from the regio of Middle Black Sea. Materials and Methods: Ninety-seven patients older than 18 years of age who were diagnosed with MM according to IMWG criteria in Ondokuz Mayıs University Medical Faculty Hospital Hematology Department between January 2007 and December 2020, were treated and followed up in this center, and whose files could be accessed were included in the study. The patients were examined retrospectively and their data at the time of diagnosis and during follow-up were recorded. Results: Of the patients, 56,7% were male and 43,3% were female, with a male to female ratio of 1,31. In MM patients followed, one-year survival rate was 85%, three-year survival rate was 68%, five-year survival rate was 56%, and ten-year survival rate was 27%. It was seen that 55,7% of the patients were alive and 44,3% died during the follow-ups. The most common cause of death was disease progression with 39,5%. Age, thrombocytopenia, renal failure, albumin, β-2 microglobulin, MPV, CD56 negativity, osteolytic lesion, bone fracture, hyperviscosity syndrome, ECOG score, ISS stage and RMC-I score were found to be effective factors on OS. The responses of patients who received VCd chemotherapy in primary care were found to be statistically significant compared to the responses of patients who received VAD and Vd chemotherapy. It was determined that 41,2% of the patients who were in remission after first-line chemotherapy were administered OCT, and patients who underwent OCT had longer OS and PFS. It was concluded that there was no significant difference between the chemotherapy received before OCT on OS and PFS. Discussion and Conclusion: The clinical features, factors affecting survival, and responses to treatment of MM patients in our study were generally consistent with the literature. Keywords: multiple myeloma, complete response, autologous bone marrow transplant, prognosis, survival
Objective: In our study, it was aimed to retrospectively investigate the clinical features, factors affecting survival, and treatment responses of patients followed up with the diagnosis of MM in our center, and to contribute to the literature with data from the regio of Middle Black Sea. Materials and Methods: Ninety-seven patients older than 18 years of age who were diagnosed with MM according to IMWG criteria in Ondokuz Mayıs University Medical Faculty Hospital Hematology Department between January 2007 and December 2020, were treated and followed up in this center, and whose files could be accessed were included in the study. The patients were examined retrospectively and their data at the time of diagnosis and during follow-up were recorded. Results: Of the patients, 56,7% were male and 43,3% were female, with a male to female ratio of 1,31. In MM patients followed, one-year survival rate was 85%, three-year survival rate was 68%, five-year survival rate was 56%, and ten-year survival rate was 27%. It was seen that 55,7% of the patients were alive and 44,3% died during the follow-ups. The most common cause of death was disease progression with 39,5%. Age, thrombocytopenia, renal failure, albumin, β-2 microglobulin, MPV, CD56 negativity, osteolytic lesion, bone fracture, hyperviscosity syndrome, ECOG score, ISS stage and RMC-I score were found to be effective factors on OS. The responses of patients who received VCd chemotherapy in primary care were found to be statistically significant compared to the responses of patients who received VAD and Vd chemotherapy. It was determined that 41,2% of the patients who were in remission after first-line chemotherapy were administered OCT, and patients who underwent OCT had longer OS and PFS. It was concluded that there was no significant difference between the chemotherapy received before OCT on OS and PFS. Discussion and Conclusion: The clinical features, factors affecting survival, and responses to treatment of MM patients in our study were generally consistent with the literature. Keywords: multiple myeloma, complete response, autologous bone marrow transplant, prognosis, survival
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