Publication: Destekli Sıvı Membranlar İle Gaz Karışımından Uçucu Organik Madde Ayrıştırılması
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Uçucu organik bileşikler (UOB) kimya, petrokimya, ilaç ve kozmetik endüstrisi, akaryakıt doldurulması ve nakli, sıvılaştırılmış petrol gazının (LPG) tankerlere ve tüplere doldurulması gibi birçok kaynaktan atmosfere ve iç ortama salıverilmektedir. Özelliklede şehirlerde kullanılan taşıtlar, eksik yanma sonucunda benzen gibi uçucu organik bileşiklerin atmosfere yayılmasına neden olmaktadırlar. Uçucu organik bileşiklerin insan sağlığına ve çevre üzerine olan olumsuz etkilerinden dolayı üretildiği veya tüketildiği yerlerde atmosfere yayılmalarının kontrol altına alınması gerekmektedir. Geleneksel olarak UOB gideriminde oksidasyon, biyofiltrasyon, absorpsiyon, adsorpsiyon, yoğuşturma ve membran ayırma gibi teknikler kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada poroz selüloz asetat membran gözeneklerine bitkisel yağ ve motor yağı tutuklanarak hazırlanmış destekli sıvı membranlar ile UOB+azot karışımından UOB'nin giderimine çalışılmıştır. UOB olarak benzen, metanol ve karbontetraklorür kullanılmıştır. Gaz karışımlarından en iyi benzen ayrımını bitkisel yağ ve yüksek viskoziteli motor yağı, en iyi metanol ayrımını düşük viskoziteli motor yağı bitkisel yağ ile ve en iyi karbontetraklorür ayrımını ise bitkisel yağ ve düşük viskoziteli motor yağı ile sağlamıştır. Her deneyin başlangıcında artan gaz basıncı membran-UOB ayrımını olumsuz etkilemiş ve ayrıma verimi basınç artışı ile birlikte azalmıştır. Deneyler tekrarlandığında özellikle düşük gaz basıncı durumunda ilk yapılan deneylerde elde edilen sonuçlardan farklı olarak oldukça düşük bir UOB giderimi elde edilmiş ve UOB giderme veriminin birinci deneyin aksine artan basınç ile arttığı gözlemlenmiştir. Elde edilen bu sonuçlar destekli sıvı membran ile %80' e varan oranda UOB gideriminin gerçekleştirileceği, fakat kullanılan destek materyalinin giderilmek istenen UOB ile etkileşiminin giderme verimi üzerine önemli etkide bulunduğu anlaşılmıştır.
Volatile organic compounds are released into ambient and indoor atmospheres from may sources such as chemical, petrochemical, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries, fuel filling and transportation systems and filling of liquified petroleum gas into tanks and cyclinders. Cars, especially used in cities, emits volatile organic compounds such as benzene as a result of incomplete burning. Becuse of the negative effects of volatile organic compounds on human health and the environment, their emissions must be taken under control in the place where they are produced or consumed. Conventional processes such as oxidation, biofiltration, absorption, adsorption, cyrogenic and membrane separation techniques are used for the removal of VOCs. In this study, VOCs are separated from their binary mixtures with nitrogen using supported liquid membranes which is prepared by embedding vegetable or engine oils into pores of cellulose acetate membranes. Benzene, methanol and carbontetrachloride are used as VOCs. The highest benzene removal was obtained by using vegetable oil and engine oil which has higher viscosity, the highest methanol removal was obtained by using vegetable oil and engine oil which has lower viscosity and the highest carbontetrachloride removal was obtained by using vegetable oil and engine oil which has lower viscosity.The membrane-VOC separation was affected negatively by increasing pressure at the beginning of each experiment and the efficiency was degreased by increasing pressure. Lower VOC removal efficiencies were obtained at lower pressures when the experiments were repeated and it was observed that the removal efficiencies, on the contrary to first experiments, were increased by increasing pressures. Results showed that it is possible to remove VOC up to 80% removal eficiency., but the interaction between support material and the VOC made a negative effect on the removal efficiency.
Volatile organic compounds are released into ambient and indoor atmospheres from may sources such as chemical, petrochemical, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries, fuel filling and transportation systems and filling of liquified petroleum gas into tanks and cyclinders. Cars, especially used in cities, emits volatile organic compounds such as benzene as a result of incomplete burning. Becuse of the negative effects of volatile organic compounds on human health and the environment, their emissions must be taken under control in the place where they are produced or consumed. Conventional processes such as oxidation, biofiltration, absorption, adsorption, cyrogenic and membrane separation techniques are used for the removal of VOCs. In this study, VOCs are separated from their binary mixtures with nitrogen using supported liquid membranes which is prepared by embedding vegetable or engine oils into pores of cellulose acetate membranes. Benzene, methanol and carbontetrachloride are used as VOCs. The highest benzene removal was obtained by using vegetable oil and engine oil which has higher viscosity, the highest methanol removal was obtained by using vegetable oil and engine oil which has lower viscosity and the highest carbontetrachloride removal was obtained by using vegetable oil and engine oil which has lower viscosity.The membrane-VOC separation was affected negatively by increasing pressure at the beginning of each experiment and the efficiency was degreased by increasing pressure. Lower VOC removal efficiencies were obtained at lower pressures when the experiments were repeated and it was observed that the removal efficiencies, on the contrary to first experiments, were increased by increasing pressures. Results showed that it is possible to remove VOC up to 80% removal eficiency., but the interaction between support material and the VOC made a negative effect on the removal efficiency.
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Tez (yüksek lisans) -- Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, 2013
Libra Kayıt No: 104455
Libra Kayıt No: 104455
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114
