Eğitimde Disiplinlerarası Yaklaşımın Kullanıldığı Tezlerin Analizi
Abstract
Disiplinlerarası yaklaşımın önemi ve eğitime katkısı her geçen gün daha fazla artmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, disiplinlerarası yaklaşımın nasıl ele alındığını incelemek; bu yaklaşımın hangi alanlarda, hangi konular dahilinde literatürde yer edindiğini belirlemek, ileride yapılacak çalışmalar için yaklaşımın eksikliği hissedilen alanlarda yoğunlaşılmasını sağlayacak nitelikte yol göstermek amaçlanmaktadır. Genelden özele doğru bir düzen izlenen çalışmada ayrıca disiplinlerarası yaklaşımın kullanıldığı tezlere örnekler de gösterilecektir. Araştırmanın yöntemi nitel araştırma desenlerinden durum çalışmasıdır. Araştırmanın evrenini, 2013 Mart ayına kadar olan disiplinlerarası yaklaşımın kullanıldığı lisans üstü tezleri oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada veri toplama yöntemi olarak yazılı kaynakların analizinde kullanılan doküman inceleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bu doğrultuda ProQuest tez veri tabanında belirlenen bazı kriterlere göre konuyla ilgili tezlere ulaşılmış ve bu tezlerin yayınlanma yılları, alt veri tabanları, kullandıkları dil, yayınlandıkları ülke ve hangi konularla ilgili olduğu bulguları tablo ve grafikler şeklinde gösterilmiştir. Ayrıca Türkiye"deki durumu ortaya koymak amacıyla Yükseköğretim Kurulu bünyesindeki Tez Arama Merkezi"nde konuyla ilgili bir literatür taraması yapılmış ve buradan elde edilen Türkçe tezler de değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. Sonuçlar disiplinlerarası tez çalışmalarının sayısının her geçen yıl arttığını göstermektedir. Disiplinlerarası yaklaşımın kullanıldığı tezlerin sosyal bilimler alanında daha fazla olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bunun yanında Türkiye"de disiplinlerarası yaklaşım ile yapılan tezlerin sayısının oldukça sınırlı olduğu görülmüştür. Bu çalışmanın eğitimde disiplinlerarası yaklaşım konusunda çalışmak isteyen araştırmacılara gerek teorik açıdan, gerekse sunduğu literatür bilgileri bakımından yardımcı olacağı düşünülmektedir. Buna benzer bir çalışmanın farklı veri tabanlarında veya farklı arama kriterleriyle yapılması öneri olarak sunulabilir Today's world is in constant change and development. Beside this, life in society is becoming more complex and multidimensional. Accumulations of knowledge, skills, experience and technology enrich and affect human thought and lives. This situation requires change and renewal of education system. In this regard the effect of interdisciplinary approach increases every single day. In recent years, the importance of interdisciplinary relationships and solving problems multidimensionally have increased to provide meaningful learning. Integrating different disciplines has emerged in education. The importance of interdisciplinary approach and its contribution to effective and meaningful learning are emphasized more each passing day. Although this approach is not new, it has begun to make itself felt more both in practice in education and literature. As a term, the concept of interdisciplinary means to combine or include two or more disciplines (Cluck, 1980; Kline, 1995). According to Jacobs (1989), the interdisciplinary approach is a programming mentality which uses the methodology and knowledge of more than one discipline in order to study a particular theme, concept, or problem. It is a conceptual integration of the concepts in different disciplines according to Erickson (1995) and a series of attempts requiring more or less integration of disciplines according to Stember (1998). When considering the interdisciplinary approach with its increasing effect each passing day, it is clear to achieve a lot of domestic and foreign resources in the literature. To limit the scan area in literature and achieve more specific master and doctoral thesis work, articles and other scientific writings are excluded from the study. This screening is carried out via ProQuest dissertations database. In addition to this database, to put forward the situation in Turkey and give examples of the theses which use interdisciplinary approach from Turkey, a search of the literature on the subject was made at Council of Higher Education's Thesis Search Center. The study is a case study which is a qualitative research design. As data collection methods, document analysis method which is used for the analysis of written sources was used in the study. The universe of the study consists of doctorate and master theses which use interdisciplinary approach published on ProQuest dissertations database and Council of Higher Education's Thesis Search Center to the date 2013, March. The sample of the study was choosen from this universe by designated some specific criteria. Release years, sub-databases, languages they used, countries they published and issues of the theses are shown as tables and graphs. In addition, to reveal the situation in Turkey, a search of the literature on the subject within the Thesis Search Center in Council of Higher Education is made and the Turkish theses obtained from here are evaluated in this study. This research involves theses published by ProQuest dissertions database until 2013, March. When "interdisciplinary" concept was searched in all areas as keywords in ProQuest dissertation database 64275 results were found. All of theses were composed of full text. According to the findings on ProQuest, "interdisciplinary" concept was used in a thesis in 1914 for the first time; and it has been increasing in literature since 2000. It is thought that theses that use interdisciplinary approach will increase by adding new ones after 2013. To narrow the obtained data, "interdisciplinary" concept was written as keyword and searched in only title of theses, 1139 theses were found in ProQuest. To have control of the content of the theses and to do more in-depth research, full text theses were investigated. According to ProQuest data, the number of accessed theses in full text containing the "interdisciplinary" concept in title was 725. According to the findings, "interdisciplinary" concept was used in the title of a thesis for the first time in 1955 and showed a huge increase since the 90's and in the 2000's it has reached its maximum number. This work is limited by the year 2013; so it is expected that the number of the theses will increase in the future. When "Interdisciplinary" concept was searched in the title and "education" word was written in abstract, 237 results were found. To have control of the content of the theses and to do more in-depth research, full text theses were investigated. The number of full-text theses were 174. According to ProQuest findings "interdisciplinary" concept was used for the first time in 1980 in education area and and it showed a huge increase since the 90's and in the 2000's it has reached its maximum number. ProQuest dissertations database is composed of sub-database providing the opportunity to search more specific topics. Most theses were found in Social Sciences sub-database both in all areas and education. When those theses were examined by subject, findings showed that most theses in interdisciplinary approach were used the program and teaching subjects. The majority of the theses were written in English and published in the United States both in all areas and education. A search of the literature on the interdisciplinary subject at Council of Higher Education's Thesis Search Center was made to give examples to the situation in Turkey. Accordingly, the "interdisciplinary" word was searched and 49 results were obtained. Those 49 theses are consist of 8 doctoral, 37 master, 3 proficiency in arts and 1 expertise in medicine theses. 28 of them were about education and 11 of them were related to science education. "Interdisciplinary" concept was found in the field of education in 90's and in the 2000's, it has reached its maximum number. Dissertations in this study are accessible theses until 2013, March. When considering the impact of the interdisciplinary approach in education, it is clear that the numbers of theses will increase by next years. Research and discussions about this subject show that the interdisciplinary approach is effective (Chrysostomou, 2004). Considering the situation in Turkey it was found that most of obtained theses were master theses. Although interdisciplinary approach has an increasing impact in education, studies about this approach in Turkey are quite limited when compared with foreign countries; especially the lack of doctoral studies on the subject is outstanding. It is considered that this study will help future researchers who are interested in education in interdisciplinary approach about literature and theoretical information. This research also helps them to find the shortcomings in this field and guide with resulting data. It is suggested that a similar study with different databases or different search criteria could be made.
Source
Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi DergisiVolume
34Issue
1URI
https://app.trdizin.gov.tr/publication/paper/detail/TVRrME5EZ3pNdz09https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12712/9191