Water management and providing environmental sustainability in Black Sea
Özet
The Black Sea is a large semi-enclosed Europan sea. This major inland sea is bordered by six countries - Romania and Bulgaria to the west; Ukraine, Russia, and Georgia to the north and east; and Turkey to the south. Additionally, it is impacted by another 10 nations through the five major rivers that empty into the Black Sea. During the last glacial period, the Black Sea was a low salinity lake. Transport of various pollutants by many rivers and streams passing from the main agricultural and urban areas of Turkey and other neighboring countries is the main source of pollution in the Black Sea. The Black sea is a large depositional basin for rivers discharging waters from Southeastern Europe, Caucasian Mountains and Northern Anatolia. The total fresh water input to the Black Sea from rivers is 353 km3y-1. There are also 28 km3y-1 of fresh water contributions from a large number of smaller rivers and streams flowing along the Turkish and Bulgarian coasts and 17.7 km3y-1 of river water discharged by the remaining small rivers and streams located around basin. In this work, it was determined the physico-chemical characteristics and pollution levels of heavy metals from several rivers entering the Black Sea. The surface water samples were collected from one river and from three streams in Black Sea Region. Heavy metal concentration of whole samples were measured and compared with "The Directive 98/83/EC" currently effective in Turkey so as to bring up the levels of pollution in marine, rivers and streams. © 2011 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.
