Characteristics of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome and Relationship with Ghrelin in Adolescents

Abstract

Objective: Some points of pathogenesis in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) are still unknown. In this study we evaluated the characteristics of this disease and its relationship with ghrelin in adolescence. Design: A prospective case control study was designed. Four groups: obese PCOS (n = 13), lean PCOS (n = 13), obese control (n = 10) and lean control (n = 10) were formed. Oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) were performed on all subjects. Laboratory and clinical features of groups were compared. Setting: University pediatric endocrinology clinic. Participants: Adolescents with PCOS. Interventions: None. Main Outcome Measures: Insulin resistance, ghrelin, delta ghrelin (difference of ghrelin between basal and 120(th) minute after OGTT), androgens Results: Insulin resistance ratios were 93.3%, 46.6%, 50% in obese PCOS, lean PCOS and obese controls respectively. Ghrelin levels were lower in obese PCOS group but statistically different only between obese and lean PCOS groups. Ghrelin was correlated negatively with HOMA-IR (P < 0.001), 17 OH progesterone (P = 0.05), total (P = 0.015) and free testosterone (P = 0.013). Ghrelin suppression was blunted in PCOS groups. Ghrelin suppression ratios after glucose load were 24.4%, 28.7%, 36%, 35% obese PCOS, lean PCOS, obese control and lean control groups respectively. Conclusion: Low ghrelin levels in obese PCOS patients, correlations between insulin resistance, androgens and ghrelin, blunted suppression of ghrelin after glucose load in PCOS have been considered as evidences of ghrelin role in pathogenesis of this syndrome.