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The Effects of Music, White Noise, and Ambient Noise on Sedation and Anxiety in Patients Under Spinal Anesthesia During Surgery
Ilkkaya, Nazan Koylu; Ustun, Faik Emre; Sener, Elif Bengi; Kaya, Cengiz; Burcu, Yasemin; Koksal, Ersin; Ozkan, Fatil (Elsevier Science Inc, 2014)Purpose: To compare effects of music, white noise, and ambient (background) noise on patient anxiety and sedation. Design: Open, parallel, and randomized controlled trial. Methods: Seventy-five patients aged 18 to 60 years ...