A product operator theory of C-13 spin-echo J-modulation NMR spectroscopy for CDn (n=1,2,3) groups

Abstract

Product operator formalism is widely used for analytical description of multiple-pulse NMR experiments for a weakly coupled spin systems. C-13 spin-echo J-modulation NMR spectroscopy for CH, ve CD,, groups is used for identification of different carbon groups. In this study, by using the product operator technique, the analytical description of 13C spin-echo J-modulation NMR spectroscopy for CDn (n = 1,2,3) groups is presented and the experimental identifications of C-13 NMR signals of CD3, CD2 and CD groups and also quaternary carbons are discussed.